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Chemical Engineering Plant Design: Dr. M. Azam Saeed

This document discusses the process of chemical plant design. It explains that chemical plant design involves applying engineering principles combined with practical constraints. The design process moves through stages from inception to production. Key aspects of design include developing the process, evaluating economics and markets, engineering design, procurement, construction, startup and trials. The document outlines considerations for process design, overall design, costs, profitability factors, and the goal of achieving an optimal design.

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Muhammad Bilal
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83 views

Chemical Engineering Plant Design: Dr. M. Azam Saeed

This document discusses the process of chemical plant design. It explains that chemical plant design involves applying engineering principles combined with practical constraints. The design process moves through stages from inception to production. Key aspects of design include developing the process, evaluating economics and markets, engineering design, procurement, construction, startup and trials. The document outlines considerations for process design, overall design, costs, profitability factors, and the goal of achieving an optimal design.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Bilal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chemical Engineering

Plant Design
Dr. M. Azam Saeed
Introduction
Chemical engineering design of new chemical plants
and the expansion or revision of existing ones require
the use of engineering principles and theories combined
with a practical realization of the limits imposed by
industrial conditions.

2
A plant-design project moves to completion through a
series of stages
1. Inception
2. Preliminary evaluation of economics and market
3. Development of data necessary for final design
4. Final economic evaluation
5. Detailed engineering design
6. Procurement
7. Erection
8. Startup and trial runs
9. Production

3
The chemical engineer is many times referred to here as
a design engineer.

4
PROCESS DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
Inception of the basic idea.
Originate new process or
modify an existing process.
The process-research phase.
Pilot plant or a commercial
development plant.
Complete market analysis.
Complete cost-and-profit
analysis.
5
GENERAL OVERALL DESIGN
CONSIDERATIONS
Plant location
Plant layout
Materials of construction
Structural design
Utilities
Buildings
Storage

6
Cont’d
Materials handling
Safety
Waste disposal
Federal, state, and local laws or codes

7
COST ESTIMATION
Fixed costs
Raw materials costs
Labor charges
Maintenance
Power
Utilities
Costs for plant and administrative overhead
Distribution of the final products
Other miscellaneous items

8
Special Techniques for Cost
Estimation
1. Order of magnitude estimate:(ratio estimate) accuracy typically
+30%, usually based on the costs of similar processes and requiring no
design information.
2. Preliminary estimates (budget authorization/scope estimate):
accuracy typically +20%, They are based on limited cost data and design
detail.
3. Study estimates (factored estimate): based on knowledge of major
items of equipment, accuracy of estimate upto +30%
4. Detailed estimates (contractor’s estimate): accuracy +5%, Complete
specifications, drawings, and site surveys for the plant construction are
required
5. Definitive estimates (project control estimate): accuracy +10%, Based
on complete data but before completion of drawings & specifications.
9
FACTORS AFFECTING PROFITABILITY
OF INVESTMENTS
Interest
Insurance
Taxes
Depreciation
Manufacturing costs
Time value of money
Rate of return

10
OPTIMUM DESIGN
There are several alternative methods which can be
used for any given process or operation, optimization is
to choose the best process and to incorporate into
designing the equipment and methods which will give
the best results.

11
Optimum Economic Design
If there are two or more methods for obtaining
exactly equivalent final results, the preferred method
would be the one involving the least total cost.

12
2011-ch-303 13
Optimum Operation Design
Many processes require definite conditions of
temperature, pressure, contact time, or other variables if
the best results are to be obtained. It is often possible to
make a partial separation of these optimum conditions
from direct economic considerations. In cases of this
type, the best design is designated as the optimum
operation design.

14
2011-ch-303 15
THE DESIGN APPROACH
Profitable plant design
Generally overdesign and safety factors
Optimization of the design by using high-speed
computers
Make necessary assumptions
Economic conditions and limitations

16

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