AWT & Swing

Anas Dange
M.E(CMPN), B.E(I.T)
Lecturer,
Dept. of Computer Engineering,
ARKP, Panvel
Intro
 API to develop GUI or window-based
application.
 Components are displayed according to the
view of OS.
 Heavyweight
 java.awt package
Hierarchy
Components
 Container is like screen wherein the
components are placed.
 Container contains and controls the layout of
components.
 Window: no border and no title
 Frame: has title, border and menu bars. most
widely used container.
 Dialog: has border and title. An instance of
the Dialog class cannot exist without an
associated instance of the Frame class.
 Panel: does not contain title bar, menu bar or
border. Region internal to a Frame. Used for
grouping components together. Not bounded
by a visible border.
Methods of Component class
 public void add(Component c)

 public void setSize(int width, int height)

 public void setLayout(LayoutManager m)

 public void setVisible(boolean status)

Frame
 Cons:
 Frame( )
 Frame(String title)
 Two ways to program:
1) By extending Frame class
Example - Ext_Frame.java
2) By creating the instance of Frame class
Example - Inst_Frame.java
Panel
 Displayed within the window and do not have
borders
 A panel cannot be seen directly. Hence, we
need to add it to a frame
 Cons:
 Panel( )
 Method:
 public void addNotify()
 Example:
 Panel_Demo.java
Dialog
 Cons:
 Dialog(Frame parentWindow, boolean mode)
 Dialog(Frame parentWindow, String title, boolean
mode)
 Example:
 Dialog_Demo.java
FileDialog
 Cons:
 FileDialog(Frame parent, String boxName)
 FileDialog(Frame parent, String boxName, int how)
 FileDialog(Frame parent)
 Method:
 String getDirectory( )
 String getFile( )
 Example:
 FD_Demo.java
Label
 Is used to display the String
 Passive controls that do not support any
interaction with the user
 Constructors
 Label( )
 Label(String labeltext)
 Label(String labeltext, int alignment)
 Methods
 setFont(Font f)
 setText(String s)
 getText( )
 void setAlignment(int how)
 int getAlignment( )
 Example:
 Label_Demo.java
Button
 Constructors
 Button( )
 Button(String str)
 Methods
 void setLabel(String str)
 String getLabel( )
 Example:
 ButtonList.java
Checkbox
 used for multi-option user input
 can be used individually or part of a group
 Cons:
 Checkbox( )
 Checkbox(String str)
 Checkbox(String str, boolean on)
 Checkbox(String str, boolean on, CheckboxGroup
cbGroup)
 Methods:
 boolean getState( )
 void setState(boolean on)
 String getLabel( )
 void setLabel(String str)
CheckboxGroup
 often called radio buttons, because they act
like the station selector—only one station can
be selected.
 Example:
 CBGroup.java
Choice
 To create a pop-up list of items from which
the user may choose.
 Is a form of menu.
 Cons:
 Choice( )
 Methods:
 void add(String name)
 String getSelectedItem( )
 int getSelectedIndex( )
 int getItemCount( )
 void select(int index)
 void select(String name)
 Example:
 ChoiceDemo.java
List
 provides a compact, multiple-choice, scrolling
selection list
 Cons:
 List( ) List(int numRows)
 List(int numRows, boolean multipleSelect)
 Methods:
 void add(String name)
 void add(String name, int index)
 String getSelectedItem( )
 int getSelectedIndex( )
 String[ ] getSelectedItems( )
 int[ ] getSelectedIndexes( )
 int getItemCount( )
 void select(int index)
 String getItem(int index)
Scrollbar
 Cons:
 Scrollbar( )
 Scrollbar(int style)
 Scrollbar(int style, int initialValue, int thumbSize,
int min, int max)
 Methods:
 void setValues(int initialValue, int thumbSize, int
min, int max)
 int getValue( )
 void setValue(int newValue)
 void setUnitIncrement(int newIncr)
 void setBlockIncrement(int newIncr)
 By default, page-up and page-down
increments are 10
TextField
 single-line text-entry area, called edit control
 Component – TextComponent - TextField
 Cons:
 TextField( )
 TextField(int numChars)
 TextField(String str)
 TextField(String str, int numChars)
 Methods:
 String getText( )
 void setText(String str)
 String getSelectedText( )
 void select(int startIndex, int endIndex)
 boolean isEditable( )
 void setEditable(boolean canEdit)
 Example:
 TextFieldDemo.java
TextArea
 multiline editor
 Component – TextComponent - TextArea
 Cons:
 TextArea( ) TextArea(String str)
 TextArea(int numLines, int numChars)
 TextArea(String str, int numLines, int numChars)
 TextArea(String str, int nLines,int nChars, int sBars)
 SCROLLBARS_BOTH SCROLLBARS_NONE
 SCROLLBARS_HORIZONTAL_ONLY
 SCROLLBARS_VERTICAL_ONLY
 Methods: same as textfield
 void append(String str)
 void insert(String str, int index)
 void replaceRange(String str, int startIndex, int
endIndex)
 Example: TextAreaDemo.java
Layout Manager
 arranges your controls within a window by
using some type of algorithm.

 Methods:
 void setLayout(LayoutManager layoutObj)
 To disable the layout manager, pass null for layoutObj.
 By default - FlowLayout
FlowLayout
 Components are laid out from the upper-left
corner, left to right and top to bottom.
 Cons:
 FlowLayout( )
 FlowLayout(int how)
 FlowLayout(int how, int horz, int vert)
 Note: By default, which centers components
and leaves five pixels of space between each
component.
 Example:
 FlowLayoutDemo.java
BorderLayout
 four narrow, fixed-width components at the
edges & one large area in center, which are
referred to as north, south, east, and west
 Cons:
 BorderLayout( )
 BorderLayout(int horz, int vert)
 Note: When adding components, use following
constants:
 BorderLayout.CENTER BorderLayout.SOUTH
 BorderLayout.EAST BorderLayout.WEST
 BorderLayout.NORTH
 Example:
 BorderLayoutDemo.java
GridLayout
 two-dimensional grid
 Cons:
 GridLayout( )
 GridLayout(int numRows, int numColumns )
 GridLayout(int numRows, int numColumns, int horz,
int vert)
 Example:
 GridLayoutDemo.java
GridBagLayout
 two-dimensional grid not necessary to be of
same size
 Cons:
 GridBagLayout( )
CardLayout
 only one component is visible at a time. It
treats each component as a card
 Cons:
 CardLayout( )
 CardLayout(int horz, int vert)
 Methods:
 public void next(Container parent)
 public void previous(Container parent)
 public void first(Container parent)
 public void last(Container parent)
Menus in Java
 A menu bar displays a list of top-level menu
choices and each choice is associated with a
drop-down menu.
 Implemented by following classes:
MenuBar, Menu, and MenuItem.
1. MenuBar:
 Cons:
 MenuBar()
 Methods:
 Menu add(Menu m)
 Menu getMenu(int i)
 void remove(int index)
Menus in Java
2. Menu:
 Cons:
 Menu( )
 Menu(String optionName)
 Menu(String optionName, boolean removable)
 Methods:
 MenuItem add(MenuItem mi)
 void add(String label)
 MenuItem getItem(int index)
 int getItemCount()
 void insert(MenuItem menuitem, int index)
 void remove(int index)
 void removeAll()
Menus in Java
3. MenuItem:
 Cons:
 MenuItem( )
 MenuItem(String itemName)
 Methods:
 void setEnabled(boolean enabledFlag)
 boolean isEnabled( )
 void setLabel(String newName)
 String getLabel( )
Menus in Java
4. CheckboxMenuItem:
 Cons:
 CheckboxMenuItem( )
 CheckboxMenuItem(String itemName)
 CheckboxMenuItem(String itemName, boolean on)
 Methods:
 boolean getState( )
 void setState(boolean state)
 Example:
 MenuDemo.java
Swing
 Swing is a set of classes that provides more
powerful and flexible components than AWT
and several exciting additions, including
tabbed panes, trees, and tables.
 The look and feel of a component can be
separated form the logic of the component.
Thus, it is possible to "plug in" a new look
and feel for any given component without
affecting the rest of the code.
ImageIcon
 paints an icon from an image.
 Constructors:
 ImageIcon(String filename)
 ImageIcon(URL url)
 ImageIcon class implements the Icon
interface that declares the methods:
 int getIconHeight( )
 int getIconWidth( )
JLabel
 Constructors
 JLabel(Icon i)
 Label(String s)
 JLabel(String s, Icon i, int align)
 Methods
 Icon getIcon( )
 String getText( )
 void setIcon(Icon i)
 void setText(String s)
JButton
 subclass of AbstractButton class, which
extends JComponent
 Constructors
 JButton(Icon i)
 JButton(String s)
 JButton(String s, Icon i)
 Methods:
 void setPressedIcon(Icon pi)
 void setRolloverIcon(Icon ri)
Example:
 JButtonDemo.java
JCheckbox
 superclass is JToggleButton
 Cons:
 JCheckBox(Icon i)
 JCheckBox(Icon i, boolean state)
 JCheckBox(String s)
 JCheckBox(String s, boolean state)
 JCheckBox(String s, Icon i)
 JCheckBox(String s, Icon i, boolean state)
 Methods:
 void setSelected(boolean state)
 String getText()
JRadioButton
 superclass is JToggleButton
 ButtonGroup class is instantiated to create a
button group
 Cons:
 JRadioButton(Icon i)
 JRadioButton(Icon i, boolean state)
 JRadioButton(String s)
 JRadioButton(String s, boolean state)
 JRadioButton(String s, Icon i)
 JRadioButton(String s, Icon i, boolean state)
 Methods:
 void setSelected(boolean state)
 String getText()
 Example:
 JRadioButton.java
JComboBox
 extends JComponent.
 Cons:
 JComboBox( )
 JComboBox(Vector v)
 Methods:
 void addItem(Object obj)
Tabbed Panes
 A tabbed pane is a component that appears
as a group of folders in a file cabinet
 Extends JComponent.
 Cons:
 JTabbedPane()
 Methods:
 void addTab(String str, Component comp)
 Example:
 JTabbedPaneDemo.java
JScrollPane
 Cons:
 JScrollPane(Component comp)
 JScrollPane(int vsb, int hsb)
 JScrollPane(Component comp, int vsb, int hsb)
ScrollPaneConstants.
HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS
HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED
VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS
VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED
JTable
 A table is a component that displays rows and
columns of data.
 JTable class extends Jcomponent
 Cons:
 JTable(Object data[ ][ ], Object colHeads[ ])
 Example:
 JTableDemo.java
JTree
 presents a hierarchical view of data
 Extends JComponent.
 Cons:
 JTree(Hashtable ht)
 JTree(Object obj[ ])
 JTree(TreeNode tn)
 JTree(Vector v)
 TreeNode interface declares methods that obtain
information about a tree node.
 MutableTreeNode interface extends TreeNode. It
declares methods that can insert and remove child
nodes or change the parent node.
 DefaultMutableTreeNode class implements the
MutableTreeNode interface. It represents a node in a
tree.
 Example:
 JTreeDemo.java
Progress Bar
 to display the progress of the task.
 Extends JComponent.
 Cons:
 JProgressBar()
 JProgressBar(int min, int max)
 JProgressBar(int orient)
 JProgressBar(int orient, int min, int max)
 Methods:
 double getPercentComplete()
 void setStringPainted(boolean b)
 Example:
 ProgressBarExample.java
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