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Derived Syntactical Constructs in Java: K. K. Wagh Polytechnic, Nashik-3

The document discusses different types of constructors in Java including default constructors, parameterized constructors, and constructor overloading. It provides sample code to demonstrate default constructors that initialize object fields, parameterized constructors that accept arguments to set fields, and constructor overloading where multiple constructors are defined. The document also explains the use of the 'this' keyword in constructors to prevent variable hiding and to call other constructors.

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Shobhit Kumar
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55 views

Derived Syntactical Constructs in Java: K. K. Wagh Polytechnic, Nashik-3

The document discusses different types of constructors in Java including default constructors, parameterized constructors, and constructor overloading. It provides sample code to demonstrate default constructors that initialize object fields, parameterized constructors that accept arguments to set fields, and constructor overloading where multiple constructors are defined. The document also explains the use of the 'this' keyword in constructors to prevent variable hiding and to call other constructors.

Uploaded by

Shobhit Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 11

K. K.

Wagh Polytechnic, Nashik-3

Chapter 2

Derived Syntactical Constructs in


Java
Constructor
• A constructor initializes an object immediately upon creation.
• It has the same name as the class in which it resides and it is
syntactically similar to a method.
• Once defined, the constructor is automatically called immediately
after the object is created, before the new operator completes.
• Constructors look a little strange because they have no return
• type, not even void.
• This is because the implicit return type of a class’ constructor is
the class type itself. It is the constructor’s job to initialize the
internal state of an object.
• By doing this the code creating an instance will have a fully
initialized, usable object instantly.
Types of Constructor
• Default Constructor:
It is a constructor with no arguments passed to it.
• Parameterized Constructor:
It is a constructor with parameters or arguments.
• Sample programs
• Constructor Overloading:
Usually in this more than one type of constructor is used in same
program.
Sample Program: Default Constructor
class Box
{ int height, depth, length;
Box()
{
height = depth = length = 10;
}
void volume()
{
int vol=height* depth * length;
System.out. Println(“Volume is:”+vol);
}
}
class BoxClass
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
Box a = new Box(); //statement1
a. volume();
}
}
Sample Program: Parameterized Constructor
class Box
{ int height, depth, length;
Box(int H, int D, int L)
{
height=H; depth=D; length=L;
}
void volume()
{
int vol=height* depth * length;
System.out. Println(“Volume is:”+vol);
}
}
class BoxClass
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
Box a = new Box(10,10,10); //statement1
a. volume();
}
}
Sample Program Constructor Overloading
class Box
{
int height, depth, length;
Box()
{
height = depth = length = 10;
}
Box(int x,int y)
{
height = x; depth = y;
}
Box(int x, int y, int z)
{
height = x; depth = y; length = z;
}
}
Sample Program Cont.

class BoxClass
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
Box a = new Box(); //statement1
System.out.println("depth of a : "+a.depth);
Box b = new Box(12,23); //statement2
System.out.println("depth of b : "+b.depth);
Box c = new Box(99,84,36); //statement3
System.out.println("depth of c : "+c.depth);
}
}
this Keyword

• ‘this’ is always a reference to the object of the current


class’ type.
• Uses:
1) It prevents hiding of instance variables due to same
name given to the parameters passed in Constructor or
Method.
2) Calling the constructor
this Keyword Cont. Sample Program for use 1
class Box
{ int w,h,d;
Box(int w, int h, int d)
{ this.w=w; this.h=h; this.d=d;
}
void vol()
{ int v=this.w * this.h * this.d;
System.out.println(“Volume of a Box is:”+v); }
}
class TK
{ public static void main(String ar[])
{ Box b1 = new Box(10, 10, 10);
b1.vol(); }
}
Output Volume of a Box is: 1000
this Keyword Cont. Sample Program for use 2
class Box
{ int w,h,d;
Box() //Constructor 1
{ w=10; h=0; d=0; }
Box(int H) //Constructor 2
{ this(); //Calling Constructor1
h=H;
}
Box(int H, int D) //Constructor 3
{ this(H); //Calling Constructor 2
d=D;
}
void vol()
{ int v=w * h * d;
System.out.println(“Volume of a Box is:”+v);
} }
this Keyword Cont. Sample Program for use 2 Cont.
class TK1
{
public static void main(String ar[])
{
Box b1 = new Box(20, 30);
b1.vol(); }
}
Output Volume of a Box is: 6000

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