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Modes of Data Transfer

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26 views9 pages

Modes of Data Transfer

Uploaded by

sreejeet17111995
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Modes Of Data

Transfer

Present by
Srijit Barui
BWU/BNC/21/026
Content

• Input/Output interface and


peripheral devices
• Modes of Data Transfer
o Programmed I/O
o Interrupt Initiated I/O
o Direct Memory Access

2
Input/Output Interface and Peripheral
Devices

• Method to transfer data between internal storage devices, CPU and


external peripheral devices is called Input/Output interface.
• External peripheral devices are input and output devices like Mouse,
Keyboard, Monitor, etc.

3
Modes of Data Transfer

• The binary information that is received from an external


peripheral device is usually stored in the memory unit.
• The information that is transferred from the CPU to the
external peripheral device is originated from the memory unit.
• The CPU processes the data, the target and source are always
the memory unit.
• There are three different modes of data transfer :
o Programmed I/O
o Interrupt-Initiated I/O
o Direct Memory Access

4
Programmed I/O
• Programmed I/O is result of the I/O instructions that are written in the computer
program.
• Normally data transmit between a CPU and a peripheral device.
Drawback of Programmed I/O :
• The CPU stays in the program loop until the I/O unit indicates that it is ready for
data transfer.
• This is a time-consuming process since it needlessly keeps the CPU busy.
• This situation can be avoided by using an interrupt facility.

5
Interrupt Initiated I/O
• This mode uses an interrupt facility and special
commands to inform the interface to issue the
interrupt command when data becomes available
and interface is ready for the data transfer.
• On that time, CPU keeps on executing other tasks
and need not check for the flag.
• When the flag is set, the interface is informed and
an interrupt is initiated in which the CPU responds
to the signal by storing the return address from the
program counter (PC) into the memory stack and
then branches to service that processes the I/O
request.
• After the transfer is complete, CPU returns to the
previous task it was executing.
6
Interrupt Initiated I/O
Types of Interrupt Initiated I/O :
• Vectored interrupt : The source that interrupt the CPU provides
the branch information.
• Non-vectored interrupt : The branch address is assigned to the
fixed address in the memory.
Drawback of Programmed I/O :
• In bοth thе mеthοds prοgrammеd I/Ο and Intеrrupt intiated I/Ο
rеquirе thе activе intеrvеntiοn οf thе prοcеssοr tο transfеr data
bеtwееn mеmοry and thе I/Ο mοdulе, and any data transfеr must
transvеrsе a path thrοugh thе prοcеssοr.
• Thе I/Ο transfеr ratе is limitеd by thе spееd with which thе
prοcеssοr can tеst and sеrvicе a dеvicе.

7
Direct Memory Access

• The data transfer between a fast


storage media such as magnetic
disk and memory unit is limited by
the speed of the CPU.
• The peripherals directly
communicate with each other using
the memory buses, removing the
intervention of the CPU.
• The data transfer between a fast
storage media such as magnetic
disk and memory unit is limited by
the speed of the CPU.

8
Thank You
9

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