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Lesson 7: I. Vocabulary

1. The document provides vocabulary words in Japanese related to objects, greetings, verbs, places, and family members. 2. Sample sentences are given to demonstrate different Japanese sentence patterns using particles like "de", "ni", and "kara". 3. Grammatical explanations are offered for several common Japanese sentence patterns involving the use of verbs and particles to indicate tools, means, direction, and the sender or receiver of an action. Examples are provided to illustrate each pattern.

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6K views

Lesson 7: I. Vocabulary

1. The document provides vocabulary words in Japanese related to objects, greetings, verbs, places, and family members. 2. Sample sentences are given to demonstrate different Japanese sentence patterns using particles like "de", "ni", and "kara". 3. Grammatical explanations are offered for several common Japanese sentence patterns involving the use of verbs and particles to indicate tools, means, direction, and the sender or receiver of an action. Examples are provided to illustrate each pattern.

Uploaded by

mmtomimoto
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LESSON 7

I. VOCABULARY

kirimasu to cut, slice


okurimasu to send
agemasu to give
moraimasu to receive
kashimasu to lend
narimasu to borrow
oshiemasu to teach
naraimasu to learn
kakemasu to make a phone call
[Denwa o~]
te hand, arm
hashi chopsticks
supūn spoon
naifu knife
fōku fork
hasami scissors
fakkusu facsimile / fax machine
pasokon personal computer
panchi puncher
hocchikisu stapler
serotepu scotch tape
keshigomu eraser
hana flower
shatsu shirt
purezento present, gift
nimotsu baggage, parcel
okane money
kippu ticket
kurisumasu Christmas
chichi My father
haha May mother
otōsan someone's father
okāsan someone's mother
mō already
mada not yet
korekara from now on, soon
[~, suteki desu ne what a nice [~]!
omocha toy

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KAIWA
Gomen kudasai. Excuse me. Anybody home / May I come in
(An expression used by a visitor)
Irrashai How nice of you to come.
(Literally: welcome)
Dozo oagari kudasai. Do come in.
Shitsurei shimasu May I? Thank you.
(Literally, I'm afraid I'll be disturbing you.)
[ ~ wa] ikaga desu ka? Won't you have [~]?
Would you like to have [ ~]
(Used when offering something)
Itadakimasu Thank you. / I accept
(Said before starting to eat / drink.
ryokō trip / tour / travel
ryokō o shimasu to make a trip / to travel
omiyage souvenir, remembrance, present

Yōroppa Europe
Supein Spain

TRANSLATION:
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Sentence Patterns:

1. What is “Goodbye” in Nihongo?

2. I sliced the cake with a knife.

3. I gave Miss Mariko a present.

4. I receive a laptop from Mr. Takahashi.

5. I received a shirt from my mother.

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Example Sentences:

1. How did you eat your lunch?


….. I ate my lunch with spoon and fork.

2. Do you write your reports in Filipino?


….. No, I write them in English.

3. What is an “Organizer” in Nihongo?


….. It is “techs”.

4. To whom did you write a letter?


….. I wrote a letter to my family.

5. What is that?
….. It is a cell phone. I received it from my boyfriend.

6. Have you eaten your lunch?


….. Yes, I have.

7. Are you done with your assignment?


….. No, not yet. It will be done soon.

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CONVERSATION:

HELLO

MARIKO: Clarine, happy birthday!

This is a gift for you.

Here…

KURARIN: Oh, what is it?

MARIKO: A Japanese snack.

KURARIN: Thank you very much!

MARIKO: You’re welcome.

________________________________________________________________

HONGO: The snack is delicious.

KURARIN: This one?

I received it from Ms. Mariko on my birthday.

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III. GRAMMAR EXPLANATION:

1. N (tool / means) de V
• The particle “de” indicates a method or a mean used for an action.
• Example:
 Hashi de tabemasu.
 Nihongo de repōto o kakimasu.

2. “Word/Sentence” wa ~go de nan desu ka


• This question is used to ask how to say a word or a sentence in
other languages.
Example:
 “Arigatō” wa Eigo de nan desu ka?
 “You’re welcome” wa Nihongo de nan desu ka?

3. N (person) ni agemasu etc.


• Verbs like agemasu, kashimasu, and oshiemasu,
etc., need persons to whom you give, lend, teach, etc.
• The persons are marked with “ni”.
• Example:
Kinō, Mariko san wa Hongo sensei ni kēki o agemashita.
Ishikawa san wa Aira san ni jisho o kashimasu.
Hongo sensei wa kenshūsei ni Nihongo o oshiemasu.
• Note: With verbs like okurimasu, denwa o
kakemasu, etc., place nouns can be used instead of N (person).
• In this case, the particle “e” is sometimes used
instead of “ni”.
• Example:
 Kaisha ni denwa o kakemasu.

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4. N (person) ni moraimasu, etc.
• Verbs like moraimasu, karimasu and naraimasu express actions
from the receiving side. The persons from whom you receive those actions are
also marked with “ni”.
• Example:
Watashi wa chichi ni okane o moraimashita..
Kurarin san wa Mariko san ni Nihongo o naraimashita.
Anī san wa Ishikawa san ni empitsu o karimashita.
• “Kara“is sometimes used instead of “ni” in this
pattern. When you receive something from an organization like school or
company, only “kara” is used.
Example:
Watashi wa ginkō kara okane o moraimashita.

5. “Mou” means “already” and is used with V+mashita.


In this case, “V+mashita” means that the action has been finished.
Example:
Anata wa mō kaban o moraimashita ka?
….. Hai, mō moraimashita.
….. Iie, mada desu.
• In giving negative answer to this type of question, you should not use
V+masendeshita, as this simply means you did not do the specified task rather
than you have not done it yet.

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