Permutation & Combination

Type (I) : Very Short Answer Type Questions : [01 Mark Each]

1. In how many ways 2 different prizes be awarded to 15 students, without giving both to the same student ?

2. Find the number of all five-digit numbers with distinct digits.

3. In how many different ways can the letters of the word ‘HEXAGON’ be permuted ?

4. There are 3 different rings to be worn in four fingers with atmost one in each finger. In how many ways can this
be done ?

5. The letters of the word ‘TRIANGLE’ are arranged in such a way that vowels and consonants remain together.
How many different arrangements will be obtained ?

6. How many numbers of four digits can be formed by using the digits 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, a digit being repeated any
number of times in any number ?

7. How many possible out comes are there if a coin is tossed 5 times ?

8. How many different arrangements can be made from the letters of the word “ENGINEERING” ?

9. In how many ways can two 10 paise, two 20-paise, three 25-paise and one 50-paise coins be distributed
among 8 children so that each child gets only one coin ?

Type (II) : Short Answer Type Questions : [02 Marks Each]

n+2
10. If C8 : n–2P4 = 57 : 16, find n.

11. Find the number of signals which can be given with 5 flags of different colurs hoiste one above the other, by
using any number of flags.

12. In how many ways can 4 books on Mathematics and 3 books on English be placed on a shelf so that books
on the same subject always remain together ?

13. 7 candidates are to be examined, 2 in mathematics and 5 in different subjects. In how many ways can they
be seated in a row so that the two examinees in Mathematics may not sit together ?

14. How many words can be formed out of letters of the word “TRIANGLE” ? How many of these will begin with
T and end with E ?

15. Four boys and three girls are to be seated in a row. In how many ways can it be done if they are seated
alternately ?

16. How many words can be formed from the letters of the word ‘ORIENTAL’ so that A and E always occupy odd
places ?

17. In how many ways can three prizes be given to 10 boys when a boy may receive any number of prizes ?

18. How many numbers between 20,000 and 30,000 can be formed using the digits 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, if each digit may
be repeated any number of times in any number.

19. How many different numbers each of six digits can be formed by using the digits 1, 2, 1, 2, 0, 2 ?

20. Find how many arrangements can be made with the letters of the word “MATHEMATICS” ? in how many of
them
(i) vowels occur together (ii) vowels don’t occur together.

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ADVPC - 9
Permutation & Combination
Type (III) : Long Answer Type Questions: [04 Mark Each]

21. How many different words can be formed out of the letters of the word “MALENKOV” so that
(i) no two vowels are together.
(ii) the relative position of the vowels and consonants remains unaltered.
(iii) vowels never occur together.

22. The letters of the word ORIENTAL are arranged in such a way that the vowels and consonants occur alternately.
In how many different ways can it be done ?

23. How many different numbers with distinct digits can be formed from the digits 2, 3, 5, 7, 9 ? How many of
them are odd ?

24. How many different numbers between 100 and 1000 can be formed from the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6
assuming that, in a number, the digits cannot be repeated ? How many of these will be divisible by 5 ?

25. There are three distinct prizes to be distributed among 6 boys. In how many ways can it be done when
(i) no boy gets more than one prize ?
(ii) there is no restriction as to the number of prizes any boy gets ?
(iii) no boy gets all the prizes ?

26. Find the number of arrangements that can be made out of the following words taken all a time :
(i) APPLE (ii) ALLAHABAD (iii) EXPLOITATION
(iv) ASSASSINATION (v) KURUKSHETRA (vi) INDEPENDENCE.

27. If all the permutations of the word “AGAIN” are arranged in a dictionary order, what is the fiftieth word ?

28. Four identical coins are arranged in a row. Determine the number of ways in which 0 head can appear. Also,
the number of ways in which 1 head can appear, 2 heads can appear and so on. Then complete the following
table :
Number of heads in
0 1 2 3 4
arranging 4 coins in row
Number of ways

29. How many numbers greater than 56000 can be formed by using the digits 4, 5,6, 7, 8 ; no digit being
repeated in any number.

30. There are 8 students appearing in an examination of which 3 have to appear in a mathematics paper and the
remaining 5 in different subjects. In how many ways can they be made to sit in a row, if the candidates in
mathematics can not sit next to each other ?

Type (IV) : Very Long Answer Type Questions: [06 Mark Each]

31. How many numbers greater than 20,000 can be formed by using the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 ; no digit being
repeated in any number ?

32. The license plates for vehicles registered in Delhi consist of 3 letters (of English alphabe) followed by 1, 2, 3
or 4 digits. The letter on the extreme left has to be ‘D’. For the 1-digit number plates, the number 0 is not
allowed, for other, the digits and the letters, of course, can repeat, but the numbers should be significant.
Determine the possible number of licence plates.

33. Prove that (n!)2  nn . n! < 2n!, for all positive integers n.

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ADVPC - 10
Permutation & Combination

PART - I : SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Section (A) : Fundamental principle of counting, problem based on selection of given
object & arrangement of given object.
A-1. There are nine students (5 boys & 4 girls) in the class. In how many ways
(i) One student (either girl or boy) can be selected to represent the class.
(ii) A team of two students (one girl & one boy) can be selected.
(iii) Two medals can be distributed. (no one get both)
(iv) One prize for Maths, two prizes for Physics and three prizes for Chemistry can be distributed.
(No student can get more than one prize in same subject & prizes are distinct)

A-2. There are 10 buses operating between places A and B. In how many ways a person can go from place
A to place B and return to place A, if he returns in a different bus?

A-3. There are 4 boys and 4 girls. In how many ways they can sit in a row
(i) there is no restriction. (ii) not all girls sit together.
(iii) no two girls sit together. (iv) all boys sit together and all girls sit together.
(v) boys and girls sit alternatively.

A-4. Find the number of words those can be formed by using all letters of the word ‘DAUGHTER’. If
(i) Vowels occurs in first and last place. (ii) Start with letter G and end with letters H.
(iii) Letters G,H,T always occurs together. (iv) No two letters of G,H,T are consecutive
(v) No vowel occurs together (vi) Vowels always occupy even place.
(vii) Order of vowels remains same.
(viii) Relative order of vowels and consonants remains same.
(ix) Number of words are possible by selecting 2 vowels and 3 consonants.

A-5. Words are formed by arranging the letters of the word "STRANGE" in all possible manner. Let m be the
number of words in which vowels do not come together and 'n' be the number of words in which vowels
come together. Then find the ratio of m: n.(where m and n are coprime natural number)

A-6. In a question paper there are two parts part A and part B each consisting of 5 questions. In how many
ways a student can answer 6 questions, by selecting atleast two from each part?

A-7. How many 3 digit even numbers can be formed using the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (repetition allowed)?

A-8. Find the number of 6 digit numbers that ends with 21 (eg. 537621), without repetition of digits.

A-9. The digits from 0 to 9 are written on slips of paper and placed in a box. Four of the slips are drawn at
random and placed in the order. How many out comes are possible?

A-10. Find the number of natural numbers from 1 to 1000 having none of their digits repeated.

A-11. A number lock has 4 dials, each dial has the digits 0, 1, 2, ........, 9. What is the maximum unsuccessful
attempts to open the lock?

A-12. In how many ways we can select a committee of 6 persons from 6 boys and 3 girls, if atleast two boys
& atleast two girls must be there in the committee?

A-13. In how many ways 11 players can be selected from 15 players, if only 6 of these players can bowl and
the 11 players must include atleast 4 bowlers?
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Permutation & Combination
A-14. In how many ways a team of 5 can be chosen from 4 girls & 7 boys, if the team has atleast 3 girls.

A-15. A committee of 6 is to be chosen from 10 persons with the condition that if a particular person 'A' is
chosen, then another particular person B must be chosen.

A-16. In how many ways we can select 5 cards from a deck of 52 cards, if each selection must include
atleast one king.

A-17. How many four digit natural numbers not exceeding the number 4321 can be formed using the digits 1,
2, 3, 4, if repetition is allowed?

A-18. How many different permutations are possible using all the letters of the word MISSISSIPPI, if no two
's are together?

A-19. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4 .....n} and B  A ; C  A, then the find number of ways of selecting
(i) Sets B and C
(ii) Order pair of B and C such that B  C = 
(iii) Unordered pair of B and C such that B  C = 
(iv) Ordered pair of B and C such that B C = A and B C = 
(v) Unordered pair of B and C such that B C = A, B C = 
(vi) Ordered pair of B and C such that B C is singleton

A-20. For a set of six true or false statements, no student in a class has written all correct answers and no two
students in the class have written the same sequence of answers. What is the maximum number of students
in the class, for this to be possible.

A-21. How many arithmetic progressions with 10 terms are there, whose first term is in the set {1, 2, 3, 4} and
whose common difference is in the set {3, 4, 5, 6, 7} ?

A-22. Find the number of all five digit numbers which have atleast one digit repeated.

Section (B) : Problem based on distinct and identical objects and divisors

B-1. Let N = 24500, then find

(i) The number of ways by which N can be resolved into two factors.
(ii) The number of ways by which 5N can be resolved into two factors.
(iii) The number of ways by which N can be resolved into two coprime factors.

B-2. Find number of ways of selection of one or more letters from AAAABBCCCDEF
(i) there is no restriction.
(ii) the letters A & B are selected atleast once.
(iii) only one letter is selected.
(iv) atleast two letters are selected

B-3. Find number of ways of selection of atleast one vowel and one consonant from the word TRIPLE

B-4. Find number of divisiors of 1980.

(i) How many of them are multiple of 11 ? find their sum
(ii) How many of them are divisible by 4 but not by 15.

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ADVPC - 12
Permutation & Combination
Section (C) : Problem based on circular arrangement and Multinomial theorem

C-1. There are 3 white, 4 blue and 1 red flowers. All of them are taken out one by one and arranged in a row
in the order. How many different arrangements are possible (flowers of same colurs are similar)?

C-2. In how many ways 5 persons can sit at a round table, if two of the persons do not sit together?

C-3. In how many ways four men and three women may sit around a round table if all the women are
together?

C-4. Seven persons including A, B, C are seated on a circular table. How many arrangements are possible
if B is always between A and C?

C-5. In how many ways four '+' and five '–' sign can be arranged in a circles so that no two '+' sign are
together.

C-6. Find number of negative integral solution of equation x + y + z = – 12.

C-7. In how many ways it is possible to divide six identical green, six identical blue and six identical red
among two persons such that each gets equal number of item?

C-8. Find the number of positive integral solutions of x + y + z + w = 20 under the following conditions:
(i) x, y, z, w are whole number
(ii) x, y, z, w are natural number
(iii) x, y, z, w  {1, 2, 3, .........., 10}
(iv) x, y, z, w are odd natural number

C-9. Find total number of positive integral solutions of 15 < x1 + x2 + x 3  20.

Section (D) : Problem based on geometry / Dearrangement / exponent of prime/ Principal

of exculusion/Grouping

D-1. In how many ways 18 diffrent objects can be divided into 7groups such that four groups contains
3 objects each and three groups contains 2 objects each.

D-2. In how many ways fifteen different items may be given to A, B, C such that A gets 3, B gets 5 and
remaining goes to C.

D-3. Find number of ways of distributing 8 different items equally among two children.

D-4. (a) In how many ways can five people be divided into three groups?
(b) In how many ways can five people be distributed in three different rooms if no room must be empty?
(c) In how many ways can five people be arranged in three different rooms if no room must be empty and
each room has 5 seats in a single row.

D-5. Three ladies have brought one chlid each for admission to a school. The principal wants to
interview the six persons one by one subject to the condition that no mother is interviewed
before her chlid. Then find the number of ways in which interviews can be arranged
200!
D-6. Prove that : is an integer
(10! )20 19!

D-7. (i) Find exponent of 3 in 20 !

(ii) Find number of zeros at the end of 45!.

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Permutation & Combination
D-8. Five balls are to be placed in three boxes in how many diff. ways can be placed the balls so that no box
remains empty if
(i) balls and boxes are diff, (ii) balls identical and boxes diff.
(iii) balls diff. and boxes identical (iv) balls as well as boxes are identical
D-9. A person writes letters to five friends and addresses on the corresponding envelopes. In how many
ways can the letters be placed in the envelopes so that
(a) all letters are in the wrong envelopes?
(b) at least three of them are in the wrong envelopes?
D-10. A person is to walk from A to B. However, he is restricted to walk only to the right of A or upwards of A. but not
necessarily in the order shown in the figure. Then find the number of paths from A to B.
B

PART - II : ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE

Section (A) : Fundamental principle of counting, problem based on selection of given
object & arrangement of given object, rank of word

A-1. The number of signals that can be made with 3 flags each of different colour by hoisting 1 or 2 or 3
above the other, is:
(A) 3 (B) 7 (C) 15 (D) 16

A-2. 8 chairs are numbered from 1 to 8. Two women & 3 men wish to occupy one chair each. First the
women choose the chairs from amongst the chairs marked 1 to 4, then the men select the chairs from
among the remaining. The number of possible arrangements is:
(A) 6C3. 4C4 (B) P2. 4P3 (C) 4C3. 4P3 (D) 4P2. 6P3

A-3. Number of words that can be made with the letters of the word "GENIUS" if each word neither begins
with G nor ends in S, is:
(A) 24 (B) 240 (C) 480 (D) 504

A-4. The number of words that can be formed by using the letters of the word ‘MATHEMATICS’ that start as
well as end with T, is
(A) 80720 (B) 90720 (C) 20860 (D) 37528

A-5. The number of permutations that can be formed by arranging all the letters of the word ‘NINETEEN’ in
which no two E’s occur together. is
8! 5! 5! 8!
(A) 3! 3! (B) 6 (C) 3 ! × 6C3 (D) 5 ! × 6C3.
3!  C 2

A-6. 5 boys & 3 girls are sitting in a row of 8 seats. Number of ways in which they can be seated so that not
all the girls sit side by side, is:
(A) 36000 (B) 9080 (C) 3960 (D) 11600

A-7. 10 different letters of an alphabet are given. Words with 5 letters are formed from these given letters,
then the number of words which have atleast one letter repeated is:
(A) 69760 (B) 30240 (C) 99748 (D) none
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Permutation & Combination
A-8. In a conference 10 speakers are present. If S1 wants to speak before S2 & S2 wants to speak after
S3, then the number of ways all the 10 speakers can give their speeches with the above restriction if the
remaining seven speakers have no objection to speak at any number is
10 !
(A) 10C3 (B) 10P8 (C) 10P3 (D)
3

A-9. Passengers are to travel by a double decked bus which can accommodate 13 in the upper deck and 7
in the lower deck. The number of ways that they can be divided if 5 refuse to sit in the upper deck and
8 refuse to sit in the lower deck, is
(A) 25 (B) 21 (C) 18 (D) 15

A-10. If all the letters of the word "QUEUE" are arranged in all possible manner as they are in a dictionary,
then the rank of the word QUEUE is:
(A) 15th (B) 16th (C) 17th (D) 18th

A-11. The sum of all the numbers which can be formed by using the digits 1, 3, 5, 7 all at a time and which
have no digit repeated, is
(A) 16 × 4! (B) 1111 × 3! (C) 16 × 1111 × 3! (D) 16 × 1111 × 4!.

A-12. How many nine digit numbers can be formed using the digits 2, 2, 3, 3, 5, 5, 8, 8, 8 so that the odd
digits occupy even positions?
(A) 7560 (B) 180 (C) 16 (D) 60

A-13. There are 2 identical white balls, 3 identical red balls and 4 green balls of different shades. The number of
ways in which they can be arranged in a row so that atleast one ball is separated from the balls of the same
colour, is :
(A) 6 (7 ! – 4!) (B) 7 (6 ! – 4 !) (C) 8 ! – 5 ! (D) none

A-14. A box contains 2 white balls, 3 black balls & 4 red balls. In how many ways can three balls be drawn
from the box if atleast one black ball is to be included in draw (the balls of the same colour are
different).
(A) 60 (B) 64 (C) 56 (D) none

A-15. Eight cards bearing number 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 are well shuffled. Then in how many cases the top 2 cards
will from a pair of twin prime equals
(A) 720 (B) 1440 (C) 2880 (D) 2160

A-16. Number of natural number upto one lakh, which contains 1,2,3, exactly once and remaining digits any time
is -
(A) 2940 (B) 2850 (C) 2775 (D) 2680

A-17_. The sum of all the four digit numbers which can be formed using the digits 6,7,8,9 (repetition is allowed)
(A) 2133120 (B) 2133140 (C) 2133150 (D) 2133122

A-18. If the different permutations of the word ‘EXAMINATION’ are listed as in a dictionary, then in how many words
(with or without meaning) are there in this list before the first word starting with M.
(A) 1360800 (B) 870200 (C) 807400 (D) 839440

A-19. Out of 16 players of a cricket team, 4 are bowlers and 2 are wicket keepers. A team of 11 players is to
be chosen so as to contain at least 3 bowlers and at least 1 wicketkeeper. The number of ways in
which the team be selected, is
(A) 2400 (B) 2472 (C) 2500 (D) 960

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Permutation & Combination
Section (B) : Problem based on distinct and identical objects and divisors
B-1. The number of proper divisors of apbqc rds where a, b, c, d are primes & p, q, r, s  N, is
(A) p q r s (B) (p + 1) (q + 1) (r + 1) (s + 1)  4
(C) p q r s  2 (D) (p + 1) (q + 1) (r + 1) (s + 1)  2

B-2. N is a least natural number having 24 divisors. Then the number of ways N can be resolved into two
factors is
(A) 12 (B) 24 (C) 6 (D) None of these

B-3. How many divisors of 21600 are divisible by 10 but not by 15?
(A) 10 (B) 30 (C) 40 (D) none

B-4. The number of ways in which the number 27720 can be split into two factors which are co-primes, is:
(A) 15 (B) 16 (C) 25 (D) 49

B-5. The number of words of 5 letters that can be made with the letters of the word "PROPOSITION".
(A) 6890 (B) 7000 (C) 6800 (D) 6900

Section (C) : Problem based on circular arrangement and Multinomial theorem

C-1. The number of ways in which 8 different flowers can be strung to form a garland so that 4 particulars
flowers are never separated, is:
8!
(A) 4 !. 4 ! (B) (C) 288 (D) none
4!

C-2. The number of ways in which 6 red roses and 3 white roses (all roses different) can form a garland so
that all the white roses come together, is
(A) 2170 (B) 2165 (C) 2160 (D) 2155

C-3. The number of ways in which 4 boys & 4 girls can stand in a circle so that each boy and each girl is one
after the other, is:
(A) 3 !. 4 ! (B) 4 !. 4 ! (C) 8 ! (D) 7 !

C-4. The number of ways in which 10 identical apples can be distributed among 6 children so that each child
receives atleast one apple is :
(A) 126 (B) 252 (C) 378 (D) none of these

C-5. The number of ways in which 5 beads, chosen from 8 different beads be threaded on to a ring, is:
(A) 672 (B) 1344 (C) 336 (D) none

C-6. Number of ways in which 3 persons throw a normal die to have a total score of 11, is
(A) 27 (B) 25 (C) 29 (D) 18

C-7. If chocolates of a particular brand are all identical then the number of ways in which we can choose
6 chocolates out of 8 different brands available in the market, is:.
(A) 13C6 (B) 13C8 (C) 86 (D) none

C-8. Number of positive integral solutions of x1 . x2 . x3 = 30, is

(A) 25 (B) 26 (C) 27 (D) 28

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Permutation & Combination
Section (D) : Problem based on geometry / Dearrangement / exponent of prime/ Principal
of exculusion/Grouping
D-1. Number of ways in which 9 different toys be distributed among 4 children belonging to different age
groups in such a way that distribution among the 3 elder children is even and the youngest one is to
receive one toy more, is:

(A)
5 !2 (B)
9!
(C)
9!
(D) none
3
8 2 3 ! 2 !
D-2. There are six letters L 1, L 2 , L 3, L 4, L5, L6 and their corresponding six envelopes E 1 , E 2, E 3 ,
E 4 , E 5 , E 6 . Letters having odd value can be put into odd value envelopes and even value
letters can be put into even value envelopes, so that no letter go into the right envelopes, then
number of arrangement equals.
(A) 6 (B) 9 (C) 44 (D) 4

D-3. How many ways can atleast 2 fruit be selected out of 5 Mangoes, 4 Apples, 3 Bananas and three
different fruits.
(A) 959 (B) 953 (C) 960 (D) 954

D-4. The streets of a city are arranged like the lines of a chess board. There are m streets running North to
South & 'n' streets running East to West. The number of ways in which a man can travel from NW to SE
corner going the shortest possible distance is:
( m  n) ! (m  n  2) !
(A) m2  n 2 (B) (m  1)2 . (n  1)2 (C) (D)
m! . n! (m  1) ! . (n  1) !

PART - III : MATCH THE COLUMN

1. Match the column
Column – I Column – II
(A) The total number of selections of fruits which can be made (p) 120
from, 3 bananas, 4 apples and 2 oranges is, it is given that
fruits of one kind are identical
(B) There are 10 true-false statements in a question paper. (q) 286
How many sequences of answers are possible in which exactly
three are correct ?
(C) The number of ways of selecting 10 balls from unlimited (r) 59
number of red, black, white and green balls is, it is given
that balls of same colours are identical
(D) The number of words which can be made from the letters of the (s) 75600
word ‘MATHEMATICS’ so that consonants occur together ?

2. Match the column

Column-I Column-II

(A) There are 12 points in a plane of which 5 are collinear. (p) 185
The number of distinct convex quadrilaterals which can be
formed with vertices at these points is:

(B) If 7 points out of 12 are in the same straight line, then (q) 420
the number of triangles formed is

(C) If AB and AC be two line segemets and there are 5, 4 points on (r) 126
AB and AC (other than A), then the number of quadrilateral, with
vertices on these points equals

(D) The maximum number of points of intersection of 8 unequal (s) 60

circles and 4 straight lines.
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Permutation & Combination

PART - I : ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE

1. A train is going from London to Cambridge stops at 12 intermediate stations. 75 persons enter the train
from London with 75 different tickets of the same class. Number of different sets of tickets they may be
holding is:
(A) 78C3 (B) 91C75 (C) 84C75 (D) 78C75

2. A family consists of a grandfather, m sons and daughters and 2n grand children. They are to be seated
in a row for dinner. The grand children wish to occupy the n seats at each end and the grandfather
refuses to have a grand children on either side of him. In how many ways can the family be made to sit.
(A) (2n)! m! (m  1) (B) (2n)! m! m (C) (2n)! (m – 1)! (m  1) (D) (2n – 1)! m! (m  1)

3. A bouquet from 11 different flowers is to be made so that it contains not less than three flowers. Then
then number of different ways of selecting flowers to form the bouquet.
(A) 1972 (B) 1952 (C) 1981 (D) 1947

4. If  = x1 x 2 x3 and  = y1 y2 y3 be two three digit numbers, then the number of pairs of  and  that can
be formed so that  can be subtracted from  without borrowing.
(A) 55 . (45)2 (B) 45 . (55)2 (C) 36 . (45) 2 (D) 553

5. 'n' digits positive integers formed such that each digit is 1, 2, or 3. How many of these contain all three
of the digits 1, 2 and 3 atleast once ?
(A) 3(n –1) (B) 3n – 2.2n + 3 (C) 3n – 3.2n – 3 (D) 3n – 3.2n + 3

6. There are ' n ' straight line in a plane, no two of which are parallel and no three pass through the same
point. Their points of intersection are joined. Then the maximum number of fresh lines thus introduced
is

(A) 1 2
(B) 1 n (n  1) (n  2) (n  3)
12 n (n  1) (n  3) 8

(C) 1 n (n  1) (n  2) (n  3) (D) 1 n (n  1) (n  2) (n  3)
8 8

7. X = {1, 2, 3, 4, ...... 2017} and A  X ; B  X ; A  B  X here P  Q denotes that P is subset of

Q(P  Q). Then number of ways of selecting unordered pair of sets A and B such that A  B  X.

(42017  32017 )  (22017  1) (42017  32017 )

(A) (B)
2 2

42017  32017  22017

(C) (D) None of these
2

8. The number of ways in which 15 identical apples & 10 identical oranges can be distributed among three
persons, each receiving none, one or more is:
(A) 5670 (B) 7200 (C) 8976 (D) 7296

9. The number of ways in which a mixed double tennis game can be arranged from amongst 9 married
couple if no husband & wife plays in the same game is:
(A) 756 (B) 3024 (C) 1512 (D) 6048

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10. Two variants of a test paper are distributed among 12 students. Number of ways of seating of the
students in two rows so that the students sitting side by side do not have identical papers & those
sitting in the same column have the same paper is:
12! (12)!
(A) (B) (C) (6 !) 2. 2 (D) 12 ! × 2
6! 6! 2 5 . 6!
11. If n identical dice are rolled, then number of possible out comes are.
6n (n  5 )
n
(A) 6 (B) (C) c5 (D) None of these
n!

12. Number of ways in which 2 Indians, 3 Americans, 3 Italians and 4 Frenchmen can be seated on a
circle, if the people of the same nationality sit together, is:
(A) 2. (4 !)2 (3 !)2 (B) 2. (3 !)3. 4 ! (C) 2. (3 !) (4 !)3 (D) 2. (3 !) 2 (4 !)3

13. Number of ways in which a pack of 52 playing cards be distributed equally among four players so that
each may have the Ace, King, Queen and Jack of the same suit, is
36 ! . 4 ! 36 ! 52 ! . 4 ! 52 !
(A) (B) 9 ! 4 (C) 4 (D) 4
4
9 !   13 !  
13 !  

14. Given six line segments of length 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 units, the number of triangles that can be formed by these
segments is
(A) 6C3 – 7 (B) 6C3 – 6 (C) 6C3 – 5 (D) 6C3 – 4

15. There are m apples and n oranges to be placed in a line such that the two extreme fruits being both
oranges. Let P denotes the number of arrangements if the fruits of the same species are different and
Q the corresponding figure when the fruits of the same species are alike, then the ratio P/Q has the
value equal to :
(A) nP2. mPm. (n  2) ! (B) mP2. nPn. (n  2) ! (C) nP2. nPn. (m  2) ! (D) none

16. The number of intersection points of diagonals of 2009 sides regular polygon, which lie inside the polygon.
(A) 2009C4 (B) 2009C2 (C) 2008C4 (D) 2008C2

PART - II : SINGLE AND DOUBLE VALUE INTEGER TYPE

1. Number of five digits numbers divisible by 3 that can be formed using the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 8 if,
each digit is to be used atmost one is N where 'N' is three digit number then sum of the digit of 'N'

2. The sides AB, BC & CA of a triangle ABC have 3, 4 & 5 interior points respectively on them. If the
number of triangles that can be constructed using these interior points as vertices is k, then sum of
digits in the number k equals.

3. Shubham has to make a telephone call to his friend Nisheeth, Unfortunately he does not remember the 7
digit phone number. But he remembers that the first three digits are 635 or 674, the number is odd and there
is exactly one 9 in the number. The maximum number of trials that Shubham has to make to be successful
is a four digit number of the form abcd then c equal.

4. Seven different coins are to be divided amongst three persons. If no two of the persons receive the
same number of coins but each receives atleast one coin & none is left over, then the number of ways
in which the division may be made is k, then sum of the digits in number of k equals.

5. Number of ways in which five vowels of English alphabets and ten decimal digits can be placed
in a row such that between any two vowels odd number of digits are placed and both end
places are occupied by vowels is 20(b!)(5!) then b equals.

6. The number of integers which lie between 1 and 106 and which have the sum of the digits equal to 12 is
N where 'N' is a four digit number of the form abcd then (a – c) equals.

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7. The number of ways in which 8 non-identical apples can be distributed among 3 boys such that every
boy should get atleast 1 apple & atmost 4 apples is a four digit number of the form pqrs then p.q.r
equals.

8. In a hockey series between team X and Y, they decide to play till a team win ‘10’ match. Then the number of
20
Cm
ways in which team X wins is then m equals.
2
9. In a shooting competition a man can score 0, 2 or 4 points for each shot. Then the number of different
ways in which he can score 14 points in 5 shots, is N then number of digits in 'N' equals

10. Six persons A, B, C, D, E and F are to be seated at a circular table. The number of ways this can be
done if A must have either B or C on his right and B must have either C or D on his right, is:

11. The number of permutations which can be formed out of the letters of the word "SERIES" taking three
letters together, is:

12. A box contains 6 balls which may be all of different colours or three each of two colours or two each of
three different colours. The number of ways of selecting 3 balls from the box (if ball of same colour are
identical), is N then sum of the digits in the number 'N' equals

13. The number of ways in which 5 X's can be placed in the squares of the figure so that no row remains
empty is:

A
14. Sum of all the numbers that can be formed using all the digits 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, is N then sum of the digit
of the number 'N' equals

15. Six married couple are sitting in a room. Number of ways in which 4 people can be selected so that
there is exactly one married couple among the four is N then number of divisors of N equals

16. Let Pn denotes the number of ways of selecting 3 people out of ' n ' sitting in a row, if no two of them are
consecutive and Qn is the corresponding figure when they are in a circle. If Pn  Qn = 6, then ' n ' is equal
to:

17. The number of ways selecting 8 books from a library which has 10 books each of Mathematics, Physics,
Chemistry and English, if books of the same subject are alike, is N then number of divisors of N.

18. The number of three digit numbers of the form xyz such that x < y and z  y is N such that N is a three
digit number of the form abc then (a + c – b) equals.

PART - III : ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTIONS CORRECT TYPE

1. In an examination, a candidate is required to pass in all the four subjects he is studying. The number
of ways in which he can fail is
(A) 4P1 + 4P2 + 4P3 + 4P4 (B) 44 – 1
4
(C) 2 – 1 (D) 4C1 + 4C2 + 4C3 + 4C4
2. The kindergarten teacher has 25 kids in her class. She takes 5 of them at a time, to zoological garden
as often as she can, without taking the same 5 kids more than once. Then the number of visits, the
teacher makes to the garden exceeds that of a kid by:
(A) 25C5  24C4 (B) 24C5 (C) 25C5  24C5 (D) 24C4
3. A student has to answer 10 out of 13 questions in an examination. The number of ways in which he can
answer if he must answer atleast 3 of the first five questions is:
(A) 276 (B) 267 (C) 13C10 – 5C3 (D) 5C3 . 8C7 + 5C4 . 8C6 + 8C5
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4. Number of ways in which 3 different numbers in A.P. can be selected from 1, 2, 3,...... n is:
(n  2)(n  4) n2  4n  5
(A) if n is even (B) if n is odd
4 2
2
 n 1 n  n  2
(C) if n is odd (D) if n is even
4 4
5. 2m white identical coins and 2n red identical coins are arranged in a straight line with (m + n) identical
coins on each side of a central mark. The number of ways of arranging the identical coins , so that the
arrangements are symmetrical with respect to the central mark.
(A) m+nCm (B) m+nCn (C) m+nC|m–n| (D) m+nC|n–m|
6. The number of ways in which 10 students can be divided into three teams, one containing 4 and others
3 each, is
10 ! 10 ! 1
(A) (B) 2100 (C) 10C4 . 5C3 (D) .
4!3!3! 6!3!3! 2

7. If all the letters of the word 'AGAIN' are arranged in all possible ways & put in dictionary order, then
(A) The 50th word is NAAIG (B) The 49th word is NAAGI
st
(C) The 51 word is NAGAI (D) The 47th word is INAGA

8. You are given 8 balls of different colour (black, white,...). The number of ways in which these balls can
be arranged in a row so that the two balls of particular colour (say red & white) may never come
together is:
(A) 8 !  2.7 ! (B) 6. 7 ! (C) 2. 6 !. 7C2 (D) none

9. Consider the word 'MULTIPLE' then in how many other ways can the letters of the word 'MULTIPLE' be
arranged ;
(A) without changing the order of the vowels equals 3359
(B) keeping the position of each vowel fixed equals 59
(C) without changing the relative order/position of vowels & consonants is 359
(D) Total number of words using all the letters equals 8!

10. The number of ways of arranging the letters AAAAA, BBB, CCC, D, EE & F in a row if the letter C are
separated from one another is:
12! 13 ! 14 ! 13 !
(A) 13C3. 5 ! 3 ! 2! (B) 5 ! 3 ! 3 ! 2 ! (C) 3 ! 3 ! 2 ! (D) 11. 6 !

11. The number of non-negative integral solutions of x 1 + x 2 + x 3 + x 4  n (where n is a positive integer) is

(A) n+3C3 (B) n+4C4 (C) n+5C5 (D) n+4Cn

12. There are 10 seats in the first row of a theatre of which 4 are to be occupied. The number of ways of
arranging 4 persons so that no two persons sit side by side is:
(A) 7C4 (B) 4. 7P3 (C) 7C3. 4 ! (D) 840
50
13. C36 is divisible by
(A) 19 (B) 52 (C) 192 (D) 53
2n
14. Pn is equal to
(A) (n + 1) ( n + 2) ..... (2n) (B) 2n [1 . 3 . 5 .....(2n – 1)]
(C) (2) . (6) . (10) .... (4n – 2) (D) n! (2nCn)

15. The number of ways in which 200 different things can be divided into groups of 100 pairs, is:
200 !  101  102   103  200 
(A) (B)        
2100  2   2   2  ....  2 
200 !
(C) 100 (D) (1. 3. 5...... 199)
2 (100) !
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PART - IV : COMPREHENSION
Comprehension # 1
There are 8 official and 4 non-official members, out of these 12 members a committee of 5 members is to be
formed, then answer the following questions.
1. Number of committees consisting of 3 official and 2 non-official members, are
(A) 363 (B) 336 (C) 236 (D) 326
2. Number of committees consisting of at least two non-official members, are
(A) 456 (B) 546 (C) 654 (D) 466
3. Number of committees in which a particular official member is never included, are
(A) 264 (B) 642 (C) 266 (D) 462
Comprehenssion # 2
Let n be the number of ways in which the letters of the word "RESONANCE" can be arranged so that vowels
appear at the even places and m be the number of ways in which "RESONANCE" can be arrange so that
letters R, S, O, A, appear in the order same as in the word RESONANCE, then answer the following
questions.
4. The value of n is
(A) 360 (B) 720 (C) 240 (D) 840

5. The value of m is
(A) 3780 (B) 3870 (C) 3670 (D) 3760
Comprehension_3 (Q. no. 2 to 3)

A mega pizza is to be sliced n times, and Sn denotes maximum possible number of pieces.

6_. Relation between Sn & Sn– 1

(A) Sn = Sn–1 + n + 3 (B) Sn = Sn–1 + n + 2 (C) Sn = Sn–1 + n + 2 (D) Sn = Sn–1 + n

7_. If the mega pizza is to be distributed among 60 person, each one of them get atleast one piece then
minimum number of ways of slicing the mega pizza is :
(A) 10 (B) 9 (C) 8 (D) 11

PART - I : JEE (ADVANCED) / IIT-JEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)

* Marked Questions may have more than one correct option.
1. A rectangle with sides 2m – 1 and 2n – 1 is divided into squares of unit
length by drawing parallel lines as shown in the diagram, then the number
of rectangles possible with odd side lengths is
[IIT-JEE-2005,Scr, (3, – 1), 84]
(A) (m + n – 1)2 (B) 4m+n–1
2 2
(C) m n (D) m(m + 1)n(n + 1)

2. If r, s, t are prime numbers and p, q are the positive integers such that the LCM of p, q is r2 t4s2, then the
number of ordered pair (p, q) is [IIT-JEE-2006, (3, –1), 184]
(A) 252 (B) 254 (C) 225 (D) 224

3. The letters of the word COCHIN are permuted and all the permutations are arranged in an alphabetical order
as in an english dictionary. Then number of words that appear before the word COCHIN is
[IIT-JEE-2007,P-II, (3, – 1), 81]
(A) 360 (B) 192 (C) 96 (D) 48
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4. Consider all possible permutations of the letters of the word ENDEANOEL. Match the Statements/
Expressions in Column I with the Statements / Expressions in Column II and indicate your answer by
darkening the appropriate bubbles in the 4 × 4 matrix given in the ORS. [IIT-JEE-2008,P-II, (6, 0), 81]
Column I Column II
(A) The number of permutations containing the word ENDEA is (p) 5!
(B) The number of permutations in which the letter E occurs in the first (q) 2 × 5!
and the last positions is
(C) The number of permutations in which none of the letters D, L, N occurs (r) 7 × 5!
in the last five positions is
(D) The number of permutations in which the letters A, E, O occur only (s) 21 × 5!
in odd positions is

5. The number of seven digit integers, with sum of the digits equal to 10 and formed by using the digits 1, 2 and
3 only, is [IIT-JEE-2009, Paper-I, (3, – 1), 240]
(A) 55 (B) 66 (C) 77 (D) 88

6. Let S = {1, 2, 3, 4}. The total number of unordered pairs of disjoint subsets of S is equal to
[IIT-JEE-2010, Paper-2, (5, –2), 79]
(A) 25 (B) 34 (C) 42 (D) 41

7. The total number of ways in which 5 balls of different colours can be distributed among 3 persons so that
each person gets at least one ball is [IIT-JEE 2012, Paper-1, (3, –1), 70]
(A) 75 (B) 150 (C) 210 (D) 243

Paragraph for Question Nos. 8 to 9

Let an denote the number of all n-digit positive integers formed by the digits 0,1 or both such that no consecu-
tive digits in them are 0. Let bn = the number of such n-digit integers ending with digit 1 and cn = the number
of such n-digit integers ending with digit 0.

8. Which of the following is correct ? [IIT-JEE 2012, Paper-2, (3, –1), 66]
(A) a17 = a16 + a15 (B) c17  c16 + c15 (C) b17  b16 + c16 (D) a17 = c17 + b16

9. The value of b6 is
(A) 7 (B) 8 (C) 9 (D) 11

10. Let n1 < n2 < n3 < n4 < n5 be positivie integers such that n1 + n2 + n3 + n4 + n5 = 20. Then the number of
such distinct arrangements (n1, n2, n3, n4, n5) is [JEE (Advanced) 2014, Paper-1, (3, 0)/60]

11. Let n  2 be an integer. Take n distinct points on a circle and join each pair of points by a line segment.
Colour the line segment joining every pair of adjacent points by blue and the rest by red. If the number
of red and blue line segments are equal, then the value of n is
[JEE (Advanced) 2014, Paper-1, (3, 0)/60]

12. Six cards and six envelopes are numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and cards are to be placed in envelopes so
that each envelope contains exactly one card and no card is placed in the envelope bearing the same
number and moreover the card numbered 1 is always placed in envelope numbered 2. Then the number
of ways it can be done is [JEE (Advanced) 2014, Paper-2, (3, –1)/60]
(A) 264 (B) 265 (C) 53 (D) 67

13. Let n be the number of ways in which 5 boys and 5 girls can stand in a queue in such a way that all the
girls stand consecutively in the queue. Let m be the number of ways in which 5 boys and 5 girls can
stand in a queue in such a way that exactly four girls stand consecutively in the queue. Then the value
m
of is [JEE (Advanced) 2015, P-1 (4, 0) /88]
n

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PART - II : JEE (MAIN) / AIEEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)

1. If the letters of the word SACHIN are arranged in all possible ways and these words are written out as in
dictionary, then the word SACHIN appears at serial number - [AIEEE 2005 (3, –1), 120]
(1) 602 (2) 603 (3) 600 (4) 601
2. The set S : = {1, 2, 3 ..........12} is to be partitioned into three sets A, B, C of equal size.
Thus, A  B  C = S,
A B= B  C =A C = 
The number of ways to partition S is - [AIEEE 2007 (3, –1), 120]
(1) 12!/3! (4!)3 (2) 12!/3!(3!)4 (3) 12!/(4!)3 (4) 12!/(3!)4
3. In a shop there are five types of ice-creams available.. A child buys six ice-creams.
[AIEEE 2008 (3, –1), 105]
Statement-1 : The number of different ways the child can buy the six ice-creams, is 10C5.
Statement-2 : The number of different ways the child can buy the six ice-creams is equal to the number
of different ways of arranging 6A' s and 4 B' s in a row.
(1) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1.
(2) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement-1
(3) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False
(4) Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True
4. How many different words can be formed by jumbling the letters in the word MISSISSIPPI in which no two
S are adjacent ? [AIEEE 2008 (3, –1), 105]
(1) 8. 6C4 . 7C4 (2) 6. 7 8C4 (3) 6. 8. 7C4 (4) 7. 6C4 . 8C4
5. From 6 different novels and 3 different dictionaries, 4 novels and 1 dictionary are to be selected and
arranged in a row on the shelf so that the dictionary is always in the middle. Then the number of such
arrangements is- [AIEEE 2009 (4, –1), 144]
(1) atleast 500 but less than 750 (2) atleast 750 but less than 1000
(3) atleast 1000 (4) less than 500
6. Statement-1 : The number of ways of distributing 10 identical balls in 4 distinct boxes such that no
9
box is empty is C3 . [AIEEE 2011, I, (4, –1), 120]

Statement-2 : The number of ways of choosing any 3 places from 9 different places is 9 C3 .
(1) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1.
(2) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 is not a correct explanation for Statement-1.
(3) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false.
(4) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true.

7. There are 10 points in a plane, out of these 6 are collinear. If N is the number of triangles formed by joining
these points. then : [AIEEE 2011, II, (4, –1), 120]
(1) N  100 (2) 100 < N  140 (3) 140 < N  190 (4) N > 190

8. Assuming the balls to be identical except for difference in colours, the number of ways in which one or more
balls can be selected from 10 white, 9 green and 7 black balls is : [AIEEE-2012, (4, –1)/120]
(1) 880 (2) 629 (3) 630 (4) 879

9. Let Tn be the number of all possible triangles formed by joining vertices of an n-sided regular polygon. If
Tn+1 – Tn = 10, then the value of n is : [AIEEE - 2013, (4, –¼),360]
(1) 7 (2) 5 (3) 10 (4) 8

10. The number of integers greater than 6,000 that can be formed, using the digits 3, 5, 6, 7 and 8, without
repetition, is : [JEE(Main) 2015, (4, – ¼), 120]
(1) 216 (2) 192 (3) 120 (4) 72

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Type (II)
BOARD LEVEL : HINT & SOLUTIONS
10. We have,
Type (I) n 2
C8 57
n+2
1. First prize can be awarded in 15 ways and C8 : n–2P4 = 57 : 16  n 2 =
P4 16
corresponding to each way of doing so, the second
prize can be awarded in 14 ways. (n  2)! (n  6)! 57
 × =
So total ways = 15 × 14 8! (n  6)! (n  2)! 16

2. There are 10 digits (namely 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 (n  2)(n  1)n(n  1)(n  2)! 1 57

 × =
and 9) and we have to arrange 5 of these in a row to 8! (n  2)! 16
form a five digit number. This can be done in P(10, 5)
57
ways. But, this includes those numbers. which have  (n + 2) (n + 1) n (n – 1) = × 8!
0 in the extreme left place. Such numbers do not 16
remain five-digit numbers, they become four-digit 19  3
numbers. There are P(9, 4) numbers, which have 0 in = ×8×7×6×5×4×3×2×1
16
the extreme left place as we have to arrange the
 (n + 2) (n + 1) (n – 1) n = 143640
remaining nine digits in four places.
 (n – 1) n (n + 1) (n + 2) = 19 × 3 × 7 × 6 × 5 × 4 × 3
T Th Th H T U
 (n – 1) n (n + 1) (n + 2) = 19 × (3 × 7) × (6 × 3) × (4 × 5 )
0 × × × ×
 (n – 1) n (n + 1) (n + 2) = 18 × 19 × 20 × 21
Hence, the number of five-digit numbers with distinct
 n – 1 = 18  n = 19
digits
10! 9! 11. To give a signal, the flags are to be arranged in a
= P(10, 5) – P(9, 4) = – = 10.9.8.7.6 – 9.8.7.6
5! 5! column. But the number of flags used can be one
= 9.8.7.6(10 – 1) = 9.8.7.6.9 = 27216. two, three, four or five.
When 1 flag is used, the number of signals = 5P1 = 5.
3. ‘HEXAGON’ contains 7 different letters, therefore, When 2 flags are used, the number of signals
required number of ways = 7P7 =7! = 5P2 = 5.4 = 20.
When 3 flags are used, the number of signals
4. Required number = 4 × 3 × 2 = 5P3 = 5.4.3 = 60 .
When 4 flag are used, the number of signals = 5P4 = 120
5. Two groups, one of consonants and another of vowels When 5 flag are used the number of signals
5
can be arranged in P(2, 2) = 2! ways. There vowels in P5 = 120, so total signals
their own group can interchange among themselves = 5 + 20 + 60 + 120 + 120 = 325
in P(3, 3) = 3! ways and also the consonants in their 12. Consider the 4 books on Mathematics as one book
own group in P(5, 5) = 5! ways. and 3 books on English as another book. These two
 Required number = 2! × 3! × 5! can be arranged between them in 2! ways. In each of
these arrangements 4 books on Mathematics can
6. Required number = 5 × 5 × 5 × 5. be arranged among themselves in 4! ways and the 3
books on English can be arranged among themselves
7. Each time there are two possible outcomes in 3! ways.
 Number of outcomes when coin is tossed 5 times Hence, the required number of ways = 2! 4! 3! = 288.
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 32
13. When there is no restriction, the total number of ways
8. The word ENGINEERING has 11 letters of which 3 in which 7 candidates can sit = 7P7 = 7! = 50400.
are E’s ; 3 are N’s ; 2 are G’s 2 are I’s and the When two candidates of mathematics sit together,
remaining one is different we consider them as one candidate. Now the total
Hence, the required number of permutations candidates become 6. They can be seated in 6P6
11! ways.
= = 277200.
3! 3! 2! 2! But 2 mathematics students can arrange among
themselves in 2! ways.
8!
9. Required number = 2!2!3!1!  Number of ways in which Mathematics students

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sit together 19. Total number of digits = 6 and 2 are three and 1 are
= 6P6 . 2! = 6!2! = 720. 2 = 1440. two
Hence, the number of ways in which two candites in 6! 720
Mathematics do not sit together  Number of permutations = = = 60.
2! 3! 26
= 5040 – 1440 = 3600.
Alternative method But these permutations also include the permutations
We first arrange the 5 candidates of the other subjects which have ‘0’ to their extreme left position. such
in row at the places marked by “S” us 5! ways. numbers are of 5 digits as ‘0’ will have no significance
in such cases.
×S×S×S×S×S×
The number of permutations having 0 in the extreme
If the mathematics students sit at the places marked
by “x” then no two mathematics students sit together. 5!
left position = 2! 3 ! = 10
There are 6 places and we are to take 2. This can be
done in 6P2 ways. Hence, the required number of numbers
Hence, the required number of ways = 60 – 10 = 50
= 5! 6P2 = 120 × 6 × 5 = 3600. 11!
20. Total number of words that can be formed =
2! 2! 2!
14. The word “TRIANGLE” consists of 8 different letters. (Each of M, A and T is repeated twice)
They can be arranged among themselves in 8P8 ways. (i) W hen vowels occur together, then seven
Hence, the total number of words formed = 8P8 = 8! = consonants and a group of vowels can be
40320 . 8!
When T is fixed at the first place and E at the last we arranged in and vowels in their own group
2! 2!
have to permute the remaining 6 letters taken all at a
time and this can be done in 6P6 ways. 4!
Hence, the total number of such permutations can be arranged in.
2!
= 6P6 =720.  Number of words in which vowels occur

15. Four boys can be seated in a row in 4P4 = 4! ways. 8! 4!

together = × .
In any such arrangement, three girls can be seated 2! 2! 2!
in between them in (ii) Number of words in which vowels do not occur
B G B G B G B
3
11! 8 ! 4!
P3 = 3! ways together = –
Hence, the required number of ways 2! 2! 2! 2! 2! 2!
= 4! × 3! = 24 × 6 = 144. Type (III)

16. There are four odd places. A and E can occupy odd 21. The given word consists of 8 different letters out of
places in 4P2 ways and then the remaining six letters which 3 are vowels and 5 are consonants.
can be arranged in 6P6 = 6! ways. (i) First of all we arrange the consonants in a row.
 Required number of words = 4P2 × 6! = 4 × 3 × 6! This can be done in 5P5 ways.
×C×C×C×C×C×
No two vowels are together if they are put at the
17. The first prize can be given in 10 ways and then the
places marked “x” . The 3 vowels can fill up these
second prize can also be given in 10 ways, since it
6 places in 6P3 ways. Hence, the total number of
may be given to the boy who has already received
words = 5P5 × 6P3 = 120 × 6 × 5 × 4 = 1440.
the first prize. Similarly the third prize is given in 10 (ii) The relative position of the vowels and consonants
ways. remain unaltered means that vowel can take the
 By the principle of association, the required number place of a vowel and a consonant that of a
of ways = 10 × 10 × 10 = 1000. consonant.
Now 3 vowels can be arranged among themselves
18. The numbers which lie between 20,000 and 30,000 in 3! ways and 5 consonants can be arranged
are of five digits and must have 2 in the ten thousand’s among themselves in 5! ways.
place. Therefore, this place can be filled up in 1 way  Total number of words that can be formed
only. Since any digit can occur any number of times = 3 ! × 5! = 6 × 120 = 720
in any number, the remaining 4 places can be filled (iii) Since we have to arrange 8 letters in a row there
up with five digits in 54 ways. are 8P8 = 8! words that can be formed by using
Hence, the required number of numbers all the letters of the word ‘MALENKOV’
= 1 × 54 = 625.

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When the vowels A, E and O occur together, then 25. (i) When no boy gets more than one prize, the
a group of vowels and 5 consonants can be number of ways = 6P3 = 6 × 5 × 4 = 120.
arranged in a row in 6P6 = 6! ways. In each such (ii) When there is no restriction, each prize can be
arrangement, the three vowels in their own group given away in 6 ways. Hence, the number of ways
can arrange themselves in 3P3 = 3! ways. = 6 × 6 × 6 = 216 .
Hence the number of words in which vowels occur (iii) The total number of ways when there is no
together = 6! × 3! = 720 × 6 = 4320. restriction is 6 × 6 × 6 = 216 which includes 6
Consequently, the number of words in which ways when all the prizes are given away to the
vowels occur together same boy.
= 8! – 4320 = 40320 – 4320 = 36000. so required number of ways = 216 – 6 = 210
5!
22. The word ORIENTAL contains four consonants. 26. (i) Required Number =
R,N,T,L and four vowels O,I,E and A. Since these are 2!
equal in equal in number, they can occur alternately 9!
in two distinct ways : (ii) Required Number =
4! 2!
(i) We may begin with a consonant as is
C V C V C V C V, which can be done in 12!
4
P4 × 4P4 ways. (iii) Required Number =
2! 2! 2!
(ii) We may begin with a vowel as in
V C V C V C V C, which can be done in 13!
4
P4 × 4P4 ways. (iv) Required Number =
2! 2! 3! 4!
Hence, the required number of ways
= 4P4 × 4P4 + 4P4 × 4P4 = 2 × 4! × 4! 11!
= 2 × 24 × 24 = 1152. (4! = 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 24) (v) Required Number =
2! 2! 2!

23. In this case we may form numbers consisting of one 12!

digit, two digits, three digits, four digits or all the five (vi) Required Number =
2! 3! 4!
digits. Hence the total number of numbers that can
be formed is 5P1 + 5P2 + 5P3 + 5P4 + 5P5 27. Initial letters Number of words
= 5 + 5 × 4 +5 × 4 × 3 + 5 × 4 × 3 + 2 + 5! Axxxx 4! = 24
= 5 + 20 + 60 + 120 + 120 = 325 4!
The number which are number of even numbers Gxxxx = 12
2!
= 1 + 4P1 + 4P2 + 4P3 + 4P4
= 1 + 4 + 12 + 24 + 24 = 65. 4!
Ixxxx = 12
One digit Two digited Three-digited 2!
U T U This means that 49th word begins with N and it is
2 (fixed)  2(fixed)  2(fixed) NAAGI.
only one number 4
P1 ways 4
P2 ways  50th word is NAAIG.

28. Number of ways of placing 4 coins in a row such that

Four digited Five digited
Th H T U TTh Th H T U 4!
2 2 r heads and 4 – r tails appear =
r! ( 4 – r )!
 (fixed)   (fixed)
4
P3 ways 4
P4 ways
r = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
Hence, number of odd numbers = 325 – 65 = 260. Students may compute this number for different values
of r and complete the table.
24. Hundred’s place can be filled in six ways as 0 cannot
be placed there. The other two places can be filled in 29. Given digits 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 (five in number can be
6
P2 ways. arranged in 5P5 = 5! ways. But, this includes those
 Total number of numbers that can be formed = 6 numbers also which are less than 56000. such
× 6P2 = 6 × 6 × 5 = 180 numbers either begin with 4 or with 54.
The numbers which are divisible by 5 have either 0 or (i) When 4 is fixed in the extreme left place, the
5 in the unit’s place. When 0 is fixed in unit’s place, remaining four places can be filled with remaining
the number of numbers = 6P2 and when 5 is fixed in four digits in 4P4 = 4! ways.
the unit’s place, the number of numbers 5 × 5. T Th Th H T U
Total = 55. 4 × × × ×

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(ii) When 5 is fixed in the extreme left place and 4 in
the next, the remaining three places can be filled EXERCISE - 1
with remaining three digits 3P3 = 3! ways.
T Th Th H T U PART - I
5 4 × × × Section (A)
Hence, the required number of numbers
= 5! – (4! + 3!) = 120 – (24 + 6) = 90. A-1. (i) 9 (ii) 20 (i) 72 (ii) 326592
A-2. 90
30. First, we sit 5 students not appearing in Mathematics;
which can be done in 5P5 = 5! ways. A-3. (i) 40320 (ii) 37440 (iii) 2880
×N×N×N×N×N× (iv) 1152 (v) 1152
In any such arrangement, 3 students appearing in
A-4. (i) 4320 (ii) 720 (iii) 4320
mathematics can be made to sit in six available gaps
in 6P3. (iv) 14400 (v) 14400 (vi) 2880
Required ways = 6! × 6P3 (vii) 6720 (viii) 720 (ix) 3600
A-5. 5: 2 A-6. 200 A-7. 50
Type (IV) A-8. 7. 7P3 A-9. 10
P4 A-10. 738
A-11. 9999 A-12. 65 A-13. 1170
31. The given digits are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, which are five in
A-14. 91 A-15. 154 A-16. 886656
number.
Since we are to form the numbers that are greater A-17. 229 A-18. 7350
than 20,000 and as no digits is to be repeated every
such number contains 5 digits is to be repeated, every 3n – 1
A-19. (i) 4n (ii) 3n (iii) 1
such number contains 5 digits and it must have 2, 3 2
or 4 at the extreme left. (iv) 2n (v) 2n–1 (vi) nC1 . 3n–1
Thus the extreme left place can be filled up in 3 ways. A-20. 63 A-21. 20 A-22. 62784
Now the remaining four places can be filled up with
the remaining four digits in 4P4 ways. By using the Section (B)
principle of association, the required number of
numbers formed B-1. (i) 18 (ii) 23 (iii) 4
= 3 × 4P4 = 3 × 4! = 3.4.3.2.1 = 72.
B-2. (i) 479 (ii) 256 (iii) 6
32. A sequence of three letters beginning with D can be (iv) 473
chosn in 26 × 26 = 676 ways as explained below B-3. 45
FIRST SECOND THIRD B-4. (i) 18,11.(20 + 21 + 22) (30 + 3 + 32) (5° + 5)
LETTER LETTER LETTER
(ii) 3.2 + 1.1.2 = 8
D  
26 ways 26 ways
Section (C)
Corresponding to each sequence of three letters, there
are 9999 licence plates possible as any number from C-1. 280 C-2. 12 C-3. 144
1 to 9999 can be allotted.
C-4. 48 C-5. 1 C-6. 55
Hence, the possible number of licence plates
C-7. 37
= 676 × 9999 = 676 (10000 – 1)
= 6760000 – 676 = 6759324 C-8. (i) 23C3 (ii) 19C3 (iii) 19C3 – 4.9C3 (iv) 11C8
C-9. 685
33. (n!)2  nn . n! < 2n!
 (1.2.3.......n)n!  (n, n,n.....n) n! Section (D)
(1 n, 2  n, 3 n,.......n = n) = nn n!
Hence (n!)2  nn n! .......(i) 18!
D-1. D-2. 360360
Also nn n! (3! ) . (2! )3 4! 3!
4

= (n, n, n,.....n)n! < [(n +1)(n+2)......(n+n)]n!

D-3. 70
(n < n + 1, n < n + 2,......, n < n + n)
= n! (n + 1)(n +2)......(n + n) D-4. (a) 25 (b) 150. (c) 270000
= 1.2.3.....n (n + 1)(n +2)........(n + n) = 2n! D-5. 90 D-7. (i) 8 (ii) 10
Hence nn n! < 2n! D-8. (i) 150 (ii) 6 (iii) 25 (iv) 2
From (i) and (ii), we get (n!)2  nn n! < 2n!. D-9. (a) 44 (b) 109 D-10. 126

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PART - II PART - II
Section (A) 1. 15 2. 7 3. 0
A-1. (C) A-2. (D) A-3. (D) 4. 9 5. 10 6. 0
A-4. (B) A-5. (C) A-6. (A) 7. 48 8. 10 9. 2
A-7. (A) A-8. (D) A-9. (B) 10. 18 11. 42 12. 4
A-10. (C) A-11. (C) A-12. (D) 13. 98 14. 12 15. 20
A-13. (A) A-14. (B) A-15. (C) 16. 10 17. 8 18. 1
A-16. (A) A-17_. (A) A-18. (A)
PART - III
A-19. (B)
1. (CD) 2. (AB) 3. (ACD)
Section (B) 4. (CD) 5. (AB) 6. (BC)
B-1. (D) B-2. (A) B-3. (A) 7. (ABCD) 8. (AC) 9. (ABCD)
B-4. (B) B-5. (A) 10. (AD) 11. (BD) 12. (BCD)
Section (C) 13. (AB) 14. (ABCD) 15. (BCD)
C-1. (C) C-2. (C) C-3. (A)
PART - IV
C-4. (A) C-5. (A) C-6. (A)
1. (B) 2. (A) 3. (D) 4. (B)
C-7. (A) C-8. (C)
5. (B) 6_. (D) 7_. (D)
Section (D)
EXERCISE - 3
D-1. (C) D-2. (D) D-3. (B)
PART - I
D-4. (D)
1. (C) 2. (C) 3. (C)
PART - III
4. (A) (p), (B) (s), (C) (q), (D) (q)
1. (A)  (r), (B)  (p), (C)  (q), (D)  (s)
5. (C) 6. (D) 7. (B) 8. (A)
2. (A)  (q), (B)  (p), (C)  (s), (D)  (r)
9. (B) 10. 7 11. 5 12. (C)
EXERCISE - 2 13. 5

PART - I PART - II
1. (4) 2. (3) 3. (4) 4. (4)
1. (B) 2. (A) 3. (C)
5. (3) 6. (1) 7. (1) 8. (4)
4. (B) 5. (D) 6. (C)
9. (2) 10. (2)
7. (A) 8. (C) 9. (C)

10. (D) 11. (C) 12. (B)

13. (A) 14. (A) 15. (A)

16. (A)

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SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1^. How many positive integers are there such that n is a divisor of one of the numbers 1040, 2030?
2^. Six cards are drawn one by one from a set of unlimited number of cards, each card is marked with
numbers  1, 0 or 1. Number of different ways in which they can be drawn if the sum of the numbers
shown by them vanishes, is:
3^. A five letter word is to be formed such that the letters appearing in the odd numbered positions are
taken from the letters which appear without repetition in the word "MATHEMATICS". Further the letters
appearing in the even numbered positions are taken from the letters which appear with repetition in the
same word "MATHEMATICS". The number of ways in which the five letter word can be formed is:
4^. In how many ways 4 square are can be chosen on a chess-board, such that all the squares lie in a diagonal
line.
5. Find the number of functions f : A  B where n(A) = m , n(B) = t , which are non decreasing,
6. Find the number of ways of selecting 3 vertices from a polygon of sides ‘2n+1’ such that centre of polygon lie
inside the triangle.
7. A operation * on a set A is said to be binary, if x * y  A , for all x, y  A, and it is said to be commutative ,
if x * y = y * x for all x, y  A. Now if A = {a1, a2, ......, an}, then find the following -
(i) Total number of binary operations of A
(ii) Total number of binary operation on A such that ai * aj  ai * ak, if j  k.
(iii) Total number of binary operations on A such that ai * aj < ai * aj + 1  i, j
8. The integers from 1 to 1000 are written in order around a circle. Starting at 1, every fifteenth number is
marked (that is 1, 16, 31, .... etc.). This process in continued untill a number is reached which has
already been marked, then find number of unmarked numbers.
9. Find the number of ways in which n ‘1’ and n ‘2’ can be arranged in a row so that upto any point in the row
no. of ‘1’ is more than or equal to no. of ‘2’
10. Find the number of positive integers less than 30 which are relatively prime with 30.
11. In maths paper there is a question on "Match the column" in which column A contains 6 entries & each
entry of column A corresponds to exactly one of the 6 entries given in column B written randomly.
2 marks are awarded for each correct matching & 1 mark is deducted from each incorrect matching.
A student having no subjective knowledge decides to match all the 6 entries randomly. Find the number
of ways in which he can answer, to get atleast 25 % marks in this question.
12. Find the number of positive unequal integral solution of the equation x + y + z = 20.
13. If we have 3 identical white flowers and 6m identical red flowers. Find the number of ways in which a garland
can be made using all the flowers.
14^. Number of times is the digit 5 written when listing all numbers from 1 to 105?
15^. The number of combinations of n letters together out of 3n letters of which n are a and n are b and the
rest unlike.
16. In a row, there are n rooms, whose door no. are 1,2,.......,n, initially all the door are closed. A person takes
81 round of the row, numbers as 1st round, 2nd round ........ nth round. In each round, he interchage the position
of those door number, whose number is multiple of the round number. Find out after 81st round,How many
doors will be open.
17_. Mr. Sibbal walk up 15 steps, going up either 1 or 2 steps with each stride there is explosive material on
the 8th step so he cannot step there. Then number of ways in which Mr. Sibbal can go up.
18_. Number of numbers of the form xxyy which are perfect squares of a natural number.
19_. A batsman scores exactly a century by hitting fours and sixes in twenty consecutive balls. In how many
different ways can he do it if some balls may not yield runs and the order of boundaries and verbounderies are
taken into account

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20_. In how many ways can two distinct subsets of the set A of k(k  2) elements be selected so that they have
exactly two common elements.
21_. How many 5 digit numbers can be made having exactly two identical digit.
22_. Find the number of 3-digit numbers. (including all numbers) which have any one digit is the average of the
other two digits.
23_. In how many ways can(2n + 1) identical balls be placed in 3 distinct boxes so that any two boxes together
will contain more balls than the third box.
24_. Let f(n) denote the number of different ways in which the positive integer 'n' can be expressed as sum of
1s and 2s.
for example f(4) = 5 {2 + 2, 2 + 1 + 1, 1 + 2 + 1, 1 + 1 + 2, 1 + 1 + 1 + 1}. Now that order of 1s and 2s is
important. Then determine f(f(6))
25_. Prove that (n!)! is divisible by (n!)(n–1)!
26_. A user of facebook which is two or more days older can send a friend request to some one to join facebook.
If initially there is one user on day one then find a recurrence relation for an where an is number of users after
n days.
27_. Let X = {1, 2, 3,.....,10}. Find the the number of pairs {A, B} such A  X. B  X. A  B and A  B = {5, 7, 8}.

28_. Consider a 20-sided convex polygon K, with vertices A1, A2, . . . . , A20 in that order. Find the number of ways
in which three sides of K can be chosen so that every pair among them has at least two sides of K between
them. (For example (A1A2, A4A5, A11A12) is an admissible triple while (A1A2, A4A5, A19A20) is not).

29_. Find the number of 4-digit numbers (in base 10) having non-zero digits and which are divisible by 4 but
not by 8.
30_. Find the number of all integer-sided isosceles obtuse-angled triangles with perimeter 2008.
31_. Let ABC be a triangle. An interior point P of ABC is said to be good if we can find exactly 27 rays emanating
from P intersecting the sides of the triangle ABC such that the triangle is divided by these rays into 27
smaller triangles of equal area. Determine the number of good points for a given triangle ABC.
32_. Let = (a1, a2, a3, ..., an) be a permutation of (1, 2, 3, ..., n). A pair (ai,aj) is said to correspond to an inversion
of , if i < j but ai > aj. (Example : In the permutation (2, 4, 5, 3, 1), there are 6 inversions corresponding to the
pairs (2, 1), (4, 3), (4, 1), (5, 3) (5, 1), (3, 1) . ) How many permutations of (1, 2, 3, ... n), (n  3), have exactly
two inversions.?

1^. 2301 2^. 141 3^. 540 4^. 364

n2
5. ( t  m  1)c m ways 6. 2nC2 – 3. nC2 7. (i) n (ii) (n!)n (iii) 1
2n
Cn
8. 800 9. 10. 8
n 1
11. 56 ways 12. 144 13. 3m2 + 3m + 1 14^. 50000
15^. (n + 2). 2n  1 16. 9 17_. 441 18_. 1
20! 20! 20! 20! k k  1
19_. 10!10! + 7!12! + 4! 14! 2! + 10! 3! 20_. ((3)k–2 –1) 21_. 18480
4
nn  1
22_. 117 23_. 24_. 377
2
26_. an = an – 1 + an – 2 27_. 2186 28_. 520 29_. 729

26
(n  1)(n  2)
30_. 86 31_. C2 32_.
2

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