Republic of the Philippines

UNIVERSITY OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES

Tamag, Vigan City
2700 Ilocos Sur

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL AFFAIRS

UNIVERSITY OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES
SEA TEACHER PROJECT VIGAN CITY, PHILIPPINES
FEBRUARY, 2018

MEAN, VARIANCE, AND STANDARD DEVIATION OF

DICRETE RANDOM VARIABLE

A DETAILED LESSON PLAN

Prepared by:

RIKA AULIA NANDA

1406103020062

HELEN R. SIEMBRE
Cooperating Teacher

A LESSON PLAN FOR FINAL DEMONSTRATION – FEBRUARY 13, 2018

A DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN STATISTICS AND

PROBABILITY

A. Component Identity
1. School : San Miguel National High School
2. Subject : Statistics and Probability
3. Class/Semester: 11 – 2nd Semester
4. Time : 1:00- 2:00 pm
5. Topic : Random Variables
6. Sub-Topic : Mean, Variance and Standard Deviation

B. Objectives
Through a lesson and group collaboration students will be able to :
1. Illustrate the mean, variance, and standard deviation of discrete random variable
2. Calculate the mean, variance, and standard deviation of discrete random variable
3. Solve problems involving mean, variance, and standard deviation of probability
distribution

C. Subject Matter
1. Topic : Random Variables
2. References : Mercado, J.P., and Fernando B. Orines. 2016. Next Century
Mathematics Statistics and Probability. Philippines: Phoenix Publishing House,
Inc.
3. Materials : Power Point, Marker, Board, Activity Sheets, Coins

D. Methodology
1. Elicit ( Review/ recall )
The teacher will ask students about the lesson that they have learned in the
previous meeting regarding random variables
2. Engage (Motivation)
The teacher will elicit students responses about the probability of tossing coins
3. Development of the lesson
a. The teacher will show the topic about mean, variance and standard
deviation using power point.
b. The teacher will discuss how to find mean, variance and standard
deviation and give some examples.
c. The students will be divided into 3 groups. Then, each group will be
given the group activity in finding the mean, variance and standard
deviation. They will be given 5 minutes to discuss about their responses
regarding the group activity.
d. The students will present the result of the discussion in front of the class.

E. Assesment / Evaluation
After the discussion, the teacher will administer a short quiz.
F. Assignment / Agreement
The teacher will make a conclusion and tell the students what will be the next topic.

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY STUDENTS’ ACTIVITY

I. PREPARATION
A student will be called to lead the prayer
Prayer
Good Morning everyone!
There’s no better way of doing it than
acknowledging the goodness of our
Creator. Let’s pray by our own faith
before we start the lesson.

Checking of Attendance The class monitor will report if someone

Where are our classroom monitors? Is is absent.
there anyone who is absent? Check your
classmates and please report. Sir all boys are present. All
girls are present except….
Statement of Objectives
By the end of the lesson, hopefully you
are able to
• Illustrate the mean, variance, and
standard deviation of discrete
random variable
• Calculate the mean, variance, and
standard deviation of discrete
random variable
• Solve problems involving mean,
variance, and standard deviation of
probability distribution

Recall
Can someone give me a recap of our Last meeting, we discussed about the
lesson last time? random variables. I learned that the
random variable is the variable which
assigning values determined by chance.

In tossing 3 coins, how many probability

in getting 3 heads? Its 1/8 Sir !
That was wonderful! Yes, that is 1/8.
Thank you for that wonderful responses. It is dice sir!

Motivation
Now, look at what is in my hand ?
We role the dices Sir.
Yes, you are correct. This is the dices.
We have 2 dices here. What do you
usually do about the dices ?
For playing sir! hahaha
Yes, it’s true dear. What for we
role the dices?
We got numbers and we add the numbers
Yes, and then what we got after playing
of the dices sir!
dices?

Yes, very good. Then, let’s role the dices. Okay sir. Ok I see sir.
In indonesia, we called it dadu. Okay
guys, let’s role the dices until 5 times.

Please someone write the outcomes on Yes, sir.

board.
We finished role the dices, what we got We got, ....
guys ?

Compute the value guys! Add all of the .../.... = ... sir!
numbers and divided by how many trial
experiment that we had done?

So the result is ?
It is....
Okay guys, according to the computed
value that we got, we had ... as the result.
We called it mean right ? Yes, sir!

The mean is the average, where you add

up all the numbers and then divide by the
number of numbers. Do you understand Oh I see sir ..
guys ?
Yes, sure sir.
Okay, Today, you will learn how to find
the mean, variance and standard deviation
of discrete random variable.
Alright, sir.
II. PRESENTATION

Now, I will be going to present to you

about the first topic. Alright, Ma’am.

Showing a Power Point

Slide 1
Mean of Discrete Random Variable The students listen the discussion of the
The mean of a discrete random variable teacher.
X is also called the expected value of X.
The discrete random variable X assumes
values or outcomes in every trial of an
experiment with their corresponding
probabilities.

The expected value of X is denoted by

E(X) / µ
Do you understand the topic guys ? Yes Ma’am!

What is mean ? Mean is the Expected Value of X Ma’am!

Brilliant! Can you read the next slide? The mean or expected value of a discrete
random variable x is computed using the
following formula:

E (X) = ∑[𝑥 𝑃 (𝑥)]

Yes, that’s true!

Okay. May I show you some example! Sure, Ma’am!

Example 1.
A researcher surveyed the households in
a small town. The random variable X
represents the number of college
graduates in the households. The The students will pay attention while the
probability distribution of X is shown teacher solve the example.
below:

x 0 1 2
P(x) 0.25 0.50 0.25
Find the mean or expected value of X. Okay, Ma’am!

I answer the question by using the formula

of mean.
Are you understand guys ?
You just need to multiply x and P(x) then
get the sum of it. That’s it guys! The
table will be like this :

X P(x) x.P(x)
0 0.25 0
1 0.50 0.50
2 0.25 0.50
∑[𝑥𝑃(𝑥)]
= 1.00

Can you tell me what is the result of the It is 1.00 Ma’am!

mean?

Yes, correct! The expected value is 1. So

the average number of college graduates Yes, Ma’am.
in the household of the small town is one.

Is it clear guys ? That’s clear Ma’am!

Okay. Can we proceed to the next slide

and read it for me guys ? Of course Ma’am !
The variance of a random variable X is
denoted by σ 2
The variance of a random variabe is the
expected value of the square of the
difference between the assumed value of
random variable and the mean.

Very good guys!

Do you understand what is that ? Not really Ma’am.

Okay, I will explain it to you. Yes Ma’am!

Guys, you have to know the symbol of
the variance is “small letter sigma”

I will show you the formula of the

variance for you to understand well. Yes Ma’am!

𝑉𝑎𝑟(𝑋) = ∑[ (𝑥 − 𝜇)2𝑃(𝑥)]
OR
σ2 = ∑[ (𝑥 − 𝜇)2𝑃(𝑥)]
I will again discuss what variance is all
about.
This means that you are going to subtract
the values of x to mean, then you are
going to squared it, after that you are
going to multiply it from the probability Ooo, i see Ma’am!
of x, then get the sum of it.

Understand class? Yes Ma’am!

I will give you the same example, but we

are going to find the variance of the X, so
lets add another 3 columns from the table Wait Ma’am! We will copy first!
above.
The students are copying.
Aah, yaa sure! You may.
While the student copy the topic, I add
the another 3 columns to find the
variance.
Then I ask to student. Any body who can
still remember what i’ve told you to a
while ago in finding variance?
Yes Ma’am!
Can you tell once again ?
Yes Ma’am. We are going to subtract the
values of x to mean, then we are going to
squared it, after that we are going to
multiply it from the probability of x, then
get the sum of it.
Great guys. Very good !

Look at the table. So the result of the

variance is ..... ..... Ma’am !

Is it clear with variance guys? Okay, Yes, Ma’am!

that’s good!

Now, lets talk about the standard

deviation!
Kindly read the slide guys ? The standard deviation of a discrete
random variable X is written as σ.
It is square root of the variance.

Yes students, and then ? The standard deviation is computed as :

σ = √∑[ (𝑥 − 𝜇)2𝑃(𝑥)]
Yes, that’s the formula of the standard
deviation. That’s is so easy, we just need Yes ma’am. We understand ma’am.
to square root the result of the variance.

Guys, lets see the example of standard

deviation.
Ma’am, can we just add the row in same
table above ?
Yes, dear. Sure, we can, because we just
have to square root of the variance.

So, what is the result guys ?

Yeah, very good student. So, is that clear The result is ... ma’am
for mean, variance and standard
deviation ? Yes ma’am!

So good.
You have to know that all of this
formulas are related to each others, so if
we want to find the variance, we have to
know first the mean, same goes with the
standard deviation. If we want to find the
standard deviation, we have to know first
the variance. That’s the point.

Do you understand guys?

So glad to hear that guys!

Yes ma’am!

Thank You, ma’am!

Now, I will write another example on the Yes ma’am!

board. The example is :
Determine the variance and standard
deviation of the following probability
mass function:
x 0 1 2 3 4
P(x) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.1

Guys, do you know how to answer the Yes, Ma’am!

question?

Okay guys, please fill in the blank , write

your answer on the board.

Who wants to fill the answer ? please

come in front of the class. Me ma’am! Me
Yes, sure dear! ma’am!

Yes, please everyone fill the blank until

the table is complete! Yes ma’am! Ma’am,
it is done!
Very good students! Thank you!
You’re welcome ma’am!
III. PRACTICE

Group Discussion
Now, after you have understood about
mean, variance and standard deviation, I
want to divide you into five groups.
Then, each group will discuss about the
questions in the group activity sheets.
You have 10 minutes to discuss about
your response. Afterwards, you will
match your answer with the heart shape
that I had prepare. So you have to paste
in the kartunila on the board until the
kartunila completed! The group that
posted the most answers will get the
highest points. One patch, you’ll get one
point.

Any question about the instruction? Yes/No, Ma’am.

Class, class. Have you done with the Yes ma’am !

discussion?
Okay, now, who wants to take the first
chance?
Me, Ma’am!
Guys, please go forward to paste your
answer ! Yes ma’am!!
IV. PURPOSEFUL CLOSURE

Conclusion
Before we end the class, is there anyone We have learned about mean, variance
wants to conclude what we have learned and standard deviation Ma’am. It has
today? its own formulas. The formulas
realted to each other.
Yes, that’s correct guys, very well. So,
the mean of a discrete random variable x
is the expected value of x. The variance
of a random variable x is the expected
value of the square of the difference
between the assumed value of random
variable and the mean. And the last, the
standard deviation of a random variable
X is the square root of the variance.
Short Quiz
Find the mean, variance and standard
deviation of the following situation. An
officer at a prison questioned each
inmate to find out how many times the
inmate has been convicted. The officer
came up with the following table that
shows the relative frequencies of x:
x 0 1 2 3 4
P(x) 0.16 0.53 0.20 0.00 0.03
8

Next Topic
Next meeting, we will learn about
sampling and sampling distribution.

Closing Prayer
Let’s pray together by our own faith..
Goodbye class.

Good bye Ma’am.

GROUP ACTIVITY

Group Name
: …………………………………………………..
Member’s Name
: …………………………………………………..
& Presense Number
…………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………..
………………………………………………….
Class :

Learning Content : Mean, Variance, and Standars deviation of Discrete Random

Variable

Indicators :
1. Student will be able to illustrate the mean, variance, and standard deviation of discrete
random variable
2. Student will be able to calculate the mean, variance, and standard deviation of discrete
random variable Direction :
1. Fill the Group’s Identity
2. Work in your group.
3. Answer the question by fill in the blank using pen
4. If any question, raise your hand and tell to teacher
TASK

1. When four coins are tossed, the probability distribution for the random variable X
representating the number of heads. Compute the mean, variance and standard
deviation of the probability distribution.
x P(x)
0 .....
1 .....
2 .....
3 .....
4 .....
Answer :

x P(x) x P(x) x-μ (𝐱 − 𝛍)2 (𝐱 − 𝛍)2 P(x)

0 ..... ..... ..... ..... .....
1 ..... ..... ..... ..... .....
2 ..... ..... ..... ..... .....
3 ..... ..... ..... ..... .....
4 ..... ..... ..... ..... .....
∑(𝐱 𝐏(𝐱)) = ..... ∑[(𝐱 − 𝛍) 𝐏(𝐱)] = .....
𝟐

μ = ........................ ( write the formula) σ = ........................

σ2 = ......................... ( write the formula)

( write the formula)
So, the mean of X is ................................., the variance of X
= .........................
is ......................................, and the standard deviation of X
is ..................................... .
2. Find the mean, variance and standard deviation of the probability distribution of the
random
x 11 12 13 14 15 variable X
P(X) 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.2
x P(x) x P(x) x-μ (𝐱 − 𝛍)2 (𝐱 − 𝛍)2 P(x)
..... ..... ..... ..... ..... .....
..... ..... ..... ..... ..... .....
..... ..... ..... ..... ..... .....
..... ..... ..... ..... ..... .....
..... ..... ..... ..... ..... .....
∑(𝐱 𝐏(𝐱)) = ..... ∑[(𝐱 − 𝛍) 𝐏(𝐱)] = .....
𝟐

Answer :

μ = ........................ ( write the formula)

= ........................
σ2 = ......................... ( write the formula)
= .........................

So, the mean of X is ................................., the variance of X

is ......................................, and the standard deviation of X
is ..................................... .