WEEK 1

BASKETBALL HISTORY

Nature of the Game

Basketball is played by two teams of five players each. The object of the game is to score more points than your
opponent. The ball is passed, thrown, bounced, batted, or rolled from one player to another. A player in possession of
the ball must maintain contact with the floor with one foot (pivot foot), unless the player is shooting, passing, or
dribbling. Physical contact with an opponent can result in a foul if the contact impedes the desired movement of the
player.

History

Meet the Inventor of Basketball

Dr. James Naismith is known world-wide as the inventor of basketball. He was born in 1861 in Ramsay Township, near
Almonte, Ontario, Canada.

The Beginning of a Brief History of Basketball

The concept of basketball was originated during his early school days when he played a simple game known as duck-on-
a-rock outside his schoolhouse. The game involved attempting to knock a 'duck' off the top of a large rock by tossing
another rock at it. That is how it all started. Naismith served as at the YMCA Training School in Springfield,
Massachusetts, USA in 1891. This is where the sport of basketball was born. Naismith was faced with the challenge of
finding a sport that was suitable for play inside during the winter for the students. Naismith wanted to create a game of
skill that could be played indoors in a relatively small space. The very first game of basketball was played with a soccer
ball and two peach baskets used as goals. The first formal rules were devised in 1892.

Dr. James Naismith's Original 13 Rules of Basketball

1. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands.

2. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands (never with the fist).

3. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he

catches it, allowance to be made for a man who catches the ball when running at a good speed if he tries to stop.

4. The ball must be held in or between the hands; the arms or body must not be used for holding it.

5. No shouldering, holding, pushing, tripping, or striking in any way the person of an opponent shall be allowed; the first
infringement of this rule by any player shall count as a foul, the second shall disqualify him until the next goal is made,
or, if there was evident intent to injure the person, for the whole of the game, no substitute allowed.
6. A foul is striking at the ball with the fist, violation of Rules 3, 4, and such as described in Rule 5.

7. If either side makes three consecutive fouls, it shall count a goal for the opponents (consecutive means without the
opponents in the mean time making a foul).

8. A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds into the basket and stays there, providing
those defending the goal do not touch or disturb the goal. If the ball rests on the edges, and the opponent moves the
basket, it shall count as a goal.

9. When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field of play by the person first touching it. In case of a
dispute, the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The thrower-in is allowed five seconds; if he holds it longer, it
shall go to the opponent. If any side persists in delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul on that side.

10.The umpire shall be judge of the men and shall note the fouls and notify the referee when three consecutive fouls
have been made. He shall have power to disqualify men according to Rule 5.

11.The referee shall be judge of the ball and shall decide when the ball is in play, in bounds, to which side it belongs, and
shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal has been made, and keep account of the goals with any other duties
that are usually performed by a referee.

12.The time shall be two 15-minute halves, with five minutes' rest between.

13.The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the winner. In case of a draw, the game may, by
agreement of the captains, be continued until another goal is made.

Note: Basketball was originally two words and these original rules were published January 15, 1892 in the Springfield
College school newspaper, The Triangle.

History of Basketball in the Philippines

The Philippines were originally a Spanish colony however, following the Spanish-American War, the American took were
the Philippines. Although the Philippines became an independent country in 1946, the five decades of United States rule
brought significant changes to the Philippines including the introduction of basketball.

Teachers who had traveled from America to the Philippines introduced playing basketball in educational system and the
game of basketball began to spread across the nation.

Philippine Basketball in the Olympic Games

In 1936 basketball was listed as an Olympic sport for the first time. The Philippines entered a men’s basketball team for
the games and finished fifth in the games following a 4-1 record. Their only loss coming against the United States of in
the quarter finals of the competition. The Philippines beat the following teams on the way to the fifth The Berlin
Olympics were the most successful Olympics for the Philippines.

Philippines Basketball at the Asian Games

In 1951 the first Asian games was held, and the Philippines joined and ended up winning the gold medal. The Philippines
basketball team retained the Gold medal at the 1954 Asian Games. After the disappointment of the 1956 Olympic
Games the Philippines bounced back in 1958 with another Asian Games Basketball medal. The Philippines won a gold
medal again in 1962.

Philippines Basketball in the FIBA World Championship

The Philippines entered a basketball team into the FIBA World Championship which was held in Brazil in 1954. The
Philippines obtained a bronze medal in the championship after finishing of a record of 6-

3. To this dates the 1954 Philippine Basketball Team achieved the best finish by an Asian country in the FIBA World
Championship tournament.

In 1962 the Philippines were going to host the FIBA World Championship. However, the Philippines refused basketball
players from communist nations to be granted visas. Due to this the FIBA organization suspended the Philippines from
FIBA and moved the competition to previous hosts Brazil in 1963.

The Philippines went back to the FIBA Championship in 1974 and finished 13th. In 1978 the Philippines got to host the
FIBA Championship. The Philippines kept attending the FIBA Championship and in 1985 the Philippines won the Bronze
medal at the FIBA Championship in Spain.

Philippines in the FIBA Asia Championship

The Philippines won the first FIBA Asian Championship in 1961 and has continued success within this Championship. The
Philippines won the Championship in 1963, 1967, 1973, 1984, 1996, and 1997.

Philippines Basketball in the South East Asia Games

The Philippines won the first ever South East Asia Games in basketball and won a second title shortly after. Gold medals
followed in 1981, 1983, 1984, 1993, 1995, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, and 2007.
Philippine Suspension from FIBA

Although the Philippines enjoyed success on the basketball court there was issues off of the court. Most notably in 2005
when the Philippines were suspended. The reason for the suspension was due to the Philippine Olympic Committee who
believed that the Philippines should be the number one team in Asia and there was not enough development of the
national Philippine basketball team. Therefore, the Philippine Olympic Committee suspended the FIBA recognized
basketball association in the Philippines and in return the Philippines national team was suspended from taking part in
the following events, FIBA World Championship, FIBA Asia Championship, the Olympic Games and the Asian Games.

The impact for the Philippines being suspended, was felt throughout Asia and the 2005 South Asian Games did not have
basketball as an event due to the Philippine team being suspended. The suspension was finally lifted in 2007 following
the creation of a basketball association which FIBA approved of.

Has a Filipino ever played in the NBA?

Raymond Townsend was the first Filipino to play in the NBA. Townsend was drafted by the Golden State Warriors in the
1978 NBA Draft. Townsend had previously played college ball at UCLA. Townsend finished his career with the Indian
Pacers (my beloved team).

Jordan Clarkson is the second Filipino American to play in the NBA. Clarkson was picked at the 46th pick of the 2014 NBA
Draft. By the Washington Wizards and was traded straight away to the La Lakers. Although Clarkson had a successful
spell with the Lakers he was traded to the Cleveland Cavaliers in 2018. Clarkson plays for the Philippine national team as
he has held a Philippine passport since he was twelve years old.

WEEK 2
The Basketball Court

The playing court shall have a flat, hard surface free from obstructions with dimension of 28 meters in length by 15
meters in width measured from the inner edge of the boundary line.

Lines

All lines are white, 5cm wide and clearly visible.

Free Throw Lane

Three-Point Line

The three-point line is a semicircle that surrounds the basket area on each team's side of the court. Players who stand
behind the line and make a field goal are given three points instead of the standard two points for a regular field goal.

Boundary Line

The playing court is limited by the boundary line, consisting of endlines and the side lines. These lines are not part of the
playing court. Any obstruction including seated team bench personnel is at least 2m from the playing court.

Center Jump Circle

The center jump circle is where the game action starts and has a radius of 6 feet. All players other than the two jumpers
must stand outside the circle until the ball is tipped. The center jump circle is not used at any other point in the game
other than the opening tip and if a tip is needed to start an overtime period.

Division Line

The division line is a line running the width of the middle court that divides it into two equal sections. In high school and
college, a team has 10 seconds to get the ball across the division line, also known as the half court line. In the NBA, the
time requirement is eight seconds.

Team Bench Areas

The team bench areas are marked outside the playing court limited by 2 lines. There must be 14 seats available in the
team bench area for the team bench personnel which includes coaches, assistant coaches, substitutes, excluded players
and team followers.

Basket

The basket -- one on each end of the floor -- is made up of a backboard and a ring that holds a net,

which is designed to check the ball as it passes through the basket. The standard basketball backboard is 72 inches wide
and is positioned 4 feet inside the baseline. The hoop, or ring, stands 10 feet off the floor and is 18 inches in diameter.
The Ball

Basketballs are made with synthetic materials such as rubber, polyester, and nylon in combination with leather. In NBA,
the pressure of the ball must be between 7.5 and 8.5 pounds per square inch. The size of the ball measures 29.5 inches
around circumference.

Shot Clock

The device that used to keep track of the amount of time the offense is allowed to have the ball. The shot clock lasts 24
second in the National and International game.

The Jersey

Jersey is important to a player’s identity on the court. It includes your name on the back that identify who you are.

Shoes

The shoes are the most essential piece of wear in basketball. A good pair of shoes will give you an edge on the court
while providing extra safety. The stability will allow you to move laterally and perform quick cuts to beat defensive
players.

Shorts

Shorts is another piece of wear essential uniform in basketball.

Socks

Socks are importance to prevent friction between your feet and your shoes. Having a nice pair of socks will prevent
blisters from forming on your heels and toes.

WEEK 3
BASKETBALL FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS

1. Dribbling - is important to penetrate into the hoop, move the ball across the court, get away from the defense, and
find a good passing lane. There are different types of dribbles:
Types of Dribbling

● The Low Dribble

The low dribble is to be used whenever you are closely guarded. This type of dribbling simply entails keeping the ball low
to the floor and in your control. Extend your dribbling hand and arm down as much as possible to shorten the distance
the ball has to travel.

● The Speed Dribble

Once you're in the open court, you need to go as fast as you can with the ball while still remaining in control of the ball
and your body. Since you are not tightly guarded, keeping the ball from the defenders is not a priority here; however,
maintaining top speed is a priority.

● The Change-Of-Pace Dribble

This dribble is one of the most common and is used to make the defender think that you're slowing down or going to
pick up your dribble and stop. When your man is closely guarding you, slow your dribble down and almost come to a
stop. Straighten up your back as if you are looking for a teammate to pass to, but still keep your dribble.

● The Crossover Dribble

The crossover dribble requires dribbling with one hand, then as you get close to your defender, pushing the ball out in
front of you, over to the other hand, and exploding past him. This move is a good way to lose your defender, but, since
the ball is unprotected as you make the crossover, it can be stolen by the defense if the move isn't done smoothly. Keep
the ball low as you dribble.

● The Between-The-Legs Dribble

This dribble is a quick way to move the ball from one hand to the other when you are closely guarded or when being
overplayed and you want to change dribbling direction. Let's assume you are dribbling with your right hand and want to
change over to your left. Keep your dribble low.

● The Behind-The-Back Dribble

As you approach the defender on the right side, change your direction slightly to the left to make the move past the
defender on your left. After you have taken your last dribble with your right hand, slide your palm over and then outside
on the ball, swinging it behind and across your lower back, pushing the ball to your left side. End the movement of your
right arm as close to your left hip as possible.

2. Passing - A good offensive attack requires good passing from players. This helps find an open man, to find a good
shooter or to get away from a defender. There are several types of passes you need to learn:

Types Of Passing

● Chest Pass is named so because the pass originates from the chest. It is thrown by gripping the ball on the sides
with the thumbs directly behind the ball.

● Bounce Pass is thrown with the same motion however it is aimed at the floor. It should be thrown far enough
out that the ball bounces waist high to the receiver.

● Overhead Pass is often used as an outlet pass. Bring the ball directly above your forehead with both hands on
the side of the ball and follow through. Aim for the teammate's chin.

● Baseball Pass is a one-handed pass that uses the same motion as a baseball throw. This is often used to make
long passes.

● Behind-the-Back Pass is when you wrap the ball around your back to throw the ball. It is used to avoid the
defender when making a pass across the front of you would be risky. It can also be used to throw the ball to a
player trailing on the fast break.

3. Shooting - The object of the game is to win by scoring the most points. Therefore, improving the team's shooting is
important to win a game. There are several ways to score in the game:

Types of Shoots

● Jump shot a shot performed while jumping in the air. The ball is released at the highest point off the ground, and
is often used when shooting over a defender trying to block the ball.
● Lay-up a shot when a player moves to the basket with the ball and rolls it off his or her fingertips into the basket.
● Bank shot a shot in which the ball touches the backboard before it goes into the hoop.
● Dunk (or Jam) a player slams the ball into the basket from jumping into mid-air.
● Hook shot a one-handed shot with the shooter facing sideways to the hoop and arcing the ball over the
defending player to score.
● Free throw a free shot taken from the foul line as the result of a foul.

4. Rebounding - is essential to gain or regain possession after the shot. Usually, the team who has the most number of
rebounds after the game has more shot attempts and chances to score.

● Offensive Rebounding

An offensive rebound is obtained when the team that just shot the ball misses and then recaptures the ball again. As a
general rule it is tougher for a player to get an offensive rebound than a defensive rebound because after a shot misses
the opposing team's players are closer to the basket and in a better position to grab the ball.

● Defensive Rebounding

A defensive rebound is obtained when one team misses a shot and the opposing team grabs the ball. An important skill
needed to collect defensive rebounds is known as boxing out, a technique by which players Use their bodies to shield
the opposing team from grabbing the ball.

WEEK 4
BASKETBALL RULES OF THE GAME

Players & Equipment

Each team is made up of 12 players with only 5 allowed on the court at any time. The positions are broken up into Point
Guard, Defensive Guard, Center, Offensive forward and Defensive Forward. Each player will then take up a position on
the court but are allowed to move around as they please.

The court is a rectangular shaped and measures 28 meters long and 15 meters wide. There is a halfway line in which a
small circle is found in the center; this is where the game starts with a tip off (the ball is thrown in the air by the referee
and a player from each team tries to win possession for their team). At each end of the court are two baskets both 10
feet in height. A three point arc is the outside ring, whilst in the middle of that is the key which includes a free throw
line.
All that is needed to play is a court and basketball. Teams must wear matching strips with some players choosing to
wear gum shields and face masks for protection.

The game is split up into 4 twelve minute quarters. In between the 2nd and 3rd quarter is a 15 minute half time interval.

Scoring

There are three scoring numbers for basketball players. Any basket scored from outside the three point arc will result in
three points being scored. Baskets scored within the three point arc will result in two points being scored. Successful
free throws will result in 1 point being scored per free throw. The number of free throws will depend on where the foul
was committed.

Winning the Game

Winning a game of basketball is pretty simple; score more points than your opponents in the allotted game time. If the
scores are tied at the end then an extra quarter will be played until a winner is found.

Rules of Basketball

· Each team can have a maximum of 5 players on the court at any one time. Substitutions can be made as many
times as they wish within the game.

· The ball can only be moved by either dribbling (bouncing the ball) or passing the ball. Once a player puts two hands
on the ball (not including catching the ball) they cannot then dribble or move with the ball and the ball must be passed
or shot.

· After the ball goes into a team’s half and they win possession back the ball must then make it back over the half
way line within 10 seconds. If the ball fails to do so then a foul will be called and the ball will be turned over.

· Each team has 24 seconds to at least shot at the basket. A shot constitutes either going in the basket or hitting the
rim of the basket. If after the shot is taken and the ball fails to go in the basket then the shot clock is restarted for
another 24 seconds.

· The team trying to score a basket is called the offence whilst the team trying to prevent them from scoring is called
the defense. The defense must do all they can to stop the offence from scoring by either blocking a shot or preventing a
shot from being fired.

· After each successful basket the ball is then turned over to the opposition.

· Fouls committed throughout the game will be accumulated and then when reached a certain number will be
eventually be awarded as a free throw. A free throw involves one player from the offensive team (the player fouled) to
take a shot unopposed from the free throw line. Depending on where the foul was committed will depend on the
number free throws a player gets.

· Violations in basketball include travelling (taking more than one step without bouncing the ball), double dribble
(picking the ball up dribbling, stopping then dribbling again with two hands), goaltending (a defensive player interferes
with the ball travelling downwards towards the basket) and back court violation (once the ball passes the half way line
the offensive team cannot take the ball back over the half way line).

Kind of Fouls:

Basketball fouls are penalties assessed by the referees for rough play to keep a player from gaining an advantage over
another player. A player who is fouled is awarded the ball out of bounds unless the foul occurred during the act of
shooting, in which case the player who is fouled is awarded 2 free throws.

Each player is allowed 5 fouls before they are removed from the game. Here are some common basketball fouls:

• Blocking – A personal foul caused when the defender makes illegal personal contact with an opponent who may or
may not have the ball. Blocking is called when the defender impedes the progress of the opponent.

• Charging (or Player Control Foul) – A personal foul occurring when an offensive player makes contact with a defender
who has already established a set position. A player with the ball must avoid contact with a stationary defender by
stopping or changing direction.

• Elbowing – It is a violation for a player to swing the elbows excessively.

• Flagrant Foul – A personal or technical foul, which is violent in nature. Examples are fighting, striking, kicking, or
kneeing an opponent.

• Hand Check – A personal foul caused by a defender making repeated contact with her hands on her opponent.

• Holding – A personal foul caused by illegal contact with an opponent, which interferes with his freedom of movement.

• Intentional Foul – A personal or technical foul, which keeps the opponent from capitalizing on an advantageous
situation. It could be contact away from the ball or contact when a defender is not making a
legitimate attempt to play the ball or a player. It also occurs when a player causes excessive contact with an opponent.

• Offensive Foul – A foul caused by an offensive player, usually in the form of charging.

• Personal Foul – Illegal contact with an opponent while the ball is live, which hinders the opponent's offensive or
defensive movement. A personal foul also includes contact by or on an airborne shooter when the ball is dead.

• Technical Foul – A non-contact foul by a player; an intentional or flagrant contact foul while the ball is dead; or a
violation charged to the head coach because of violations on the sideline or from bench personnel.

• Team Foul – Any foul charged to a team. Once a team reaches 7 team fouls, its opponent is in a bonus free throw
situation.

Violations

The basketball basic rules include numerous ball handling and time violations that cause a team to lose possession of the
ball. Here are some common violations:

• Back-court Violation – If a player is the last one on her team to touch the ball before it goes into the back- court, she
cannot be the first player to touch it in the back-court.

• Closely Guarded (or Five-second Violation) – Violation that occurs when a ball handler in his team's front- court is
continuously guarded by any opponent who is within 6 feet of him while he is either dribbling or holding the ball. The
offensive player has 5 seconds to either get rid of the ball or drive past the defender.

• Double Dribble - When a dribbler touches the ball with both hands at the same time or when the dribbler picks up the
ball and then starts dribbling again.
• Goal-tending – Occurs when a player touches a shot ball while it is in its downward flight above the rim. It also occurs
when a defender touches a free throw attempt outside the basket.

• Lane Violation – A violation called during a free throw situation against a player who enters the lane too soon.

• Ten Seconds in the Back-court – A team has 10 seconds to advance the ball from their back-court past the half-court
line to the front-court.

• Three Seconds in the Lane – An offensive player cannot remain in the free throw lane for longer than 3 seconds while
her team is in control of the ball in the front-court. She has to clear the lane completely with both feet to stop the
official's count. If she receives the ball while she is in the lane, she is allowed to stay beyond 3 seconds in order to drive
toward the goal for a shot.

• Traveling – A violation caused by moving the feet in any direction without properly dribbling the ball. It results in a
turnover, and the ball is given to the opposing team. While holding the ball, a player has to establish a pivot foot which
has to remain on the floor at all times until he passes, shoots, or dribbles. While holding the ball, his knee cannot touch
the floor and if he falls, he must get rid of the ball before attempting to get up.

Charging (or Player Control Foul) – A personal foul occurring when an offensive player makes contact with a defender
who has already established a set position. A player with the ball must avoid contact with a stationary defender by
stopping or changing direction.

WEEK 5
BASKETBALL TERMINOLOGIES

These are the following basic basketball terminologies:

the ball.

Air ball. A shot attempt where the ball fails to make contact with any part of the basket.

Alley-hoop. A lob from one offensive player to a leaping teammate where the latter immediately dunks

Backboard. The square slab of glass above the basket. They include a white, mini-square above the
rim in order to help players aim when shooting.

Backcourt. The part of the court furthest away from the basket, also, a team’s defensive half of the court. Backcourt can
also refer to the guards on the team.

Bank shot. A shot where the player uses the backboard.

Blocked shot: When a defensive player deters a shot attempt.

Bounce pass. A pass where the ball bounces on the floor end route to the designated player.

Box out. When a defensive player establishes position in front of an offensive player, preventing them from grabbing a
rebound.

Chest pass. A pass from the chest between teammates where the ball doesn’t touch the ground.

Dead ball. Anytime action on the court has ceased and the ball isn’t in play.

Double dribble. When a player with the ball picks up their dribble then dribbles again or when a player dribbles with
both hands.

Double team. When an offensive player is defended by two opposing players at once.

Double-double. When a player surpasses double digits in two statistical categories.

Dribble. When a player bounces the ball on the floor with one hand. It’s necessary for an offensive player to dribble in
order to move around the court. The player who is dribbling is referred to as the ball handler. Point guards are
traditionally the best dribblers.

Dunk. When an offensive player jumps with their hands above the rim and throws the ball in the basket. Players grab the
rim when finishing a dunk to ensure it goes through for a score.

Elbow. The upper corners of the lane on either end of the free-throw line.

End line. The boundaries on the end of the court under the basket. Also called the base line.

Fast break. When an offensive player advances the ball up the court while the defense is scrambling to set itself.
Common fast breaks are 3 offensive players on 2 defensive players and 3 offensive players on 1 defensive player.

Field goal. A shot attempt while the game is in play.

Free-throw lane. More commonly referred to as the “lane;” extends from the free-throw line to below the basket.
Players may not enter this area when a free throw is being shot. This area can also be called “the paint” as it’s colored
differently from the rest of the court.

Free-throw line. The line 15-feet from the basket where players shoot after being fouled. Also referred

to as the “charity stripe.”

Full-court. The entire basketball court.

Full-court press. A type of defense where offensive players are guarded the entire length of the court.

Half-court. Half of the basketball court.

High post. The area of the paint near the elbows and free-throw line.

Inbounds. Throwing the ball in play from out of bounds.

Jump ball. When two players tangle for possession of the ball, but neither has a clear advantage. In the NBA, jump balls
result in the two players fighting for possession to compete for the ball exactly like the opening tip. In college basketball
and below, jump balls result in alternating possessions.

Jump shot. A shot when a player jumps in the air and releases the ball at the peak of their jump.

Layup. Shots within two-feet of the basket. Basketball players bank the ball off the mini-white square for better angles
into the hoop.

Low post. The area of the lane closest to the basket.

Man defense. The most common type of defense where each defensive player is directly responsible for one offensive
player.

Opening tip. Two players from opposing teams compete for the first possession of the game as the referee tosses the
ball in the air.

Out of bounds. The area outside the boundaries of the court.

Outlet pass. The pass to a ball handler after a rebound or made basket.

Palming. When the player dribbling continues to dribble after the ball comes to a rest.

Personal foul. Illegal personal contact against an opposing player.

Pick and roll. A play in which one player sets a screen for a ball handler and moves towards the

basket.

Pivot foot. The foot planted on the ground that allows the player to rotate position when not dribbling.

Rebound. The act of gaining possession of a missed shot. An offensive rebound is when a player
gains possession of a missed shot from their own team. A defensive rebound is when a player gains possession from an
opponent’s missed shot.

Shot clock. A clock on the top of the backboard that counts down the time in which a shot attempt is required. In the
NBA the shot clock is 24 seconds. In college, the shot clock is 30 seconds.

Sideline. The boundaries on the side of the court.

Strong side. In the half-court, the side of the court with the ball.

Technical foul. A rules infraction that doesn’t involve players in the game. Technical fouls are most commonly called due
to unsportsmanlike conduct. They can also be referred to as a “T” or “Tech.”

Three-point line. The arc around the basket where shots beyond it are worth three points.

Timeout. A break in a basketball game.

Top of the key. The area at the top of the lane, just beyond the free-throw line. Triple-double. When a player surpasses
double digits in three statistical categories. Weak side. In the half-court, the side of the court opposite the ball.

Zone defense. A type of defense where each player is responsible for a specific area of the court.

WEEK 7