History of Basketball

James Naismith – invented the game Basketball. A Canadian American physical education instructor at
the International YMCA Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts.

December of 1891

The Director of the school, Dr. Luther Halsey Gulick, asked Naismith to find a physical activity to occupy
a “class of incorrigibles” (hopeless)

Not only that, Naismith also have other motivation,

 He wanted to create a game of skill for the students instead of one that relied solely on
strength.
 He needed a game that could be played indoors in a relatively small space.
 He wanted to keep his football players in shape off-season.

Naismith took account of the game he played as a kid (duck on a rock) and made it into what we call
basketball. With the help of his wife, he devised a game suitable for gymnasium.

The subject of the game is to throw the soccer ball into the peach baskets nailed to the lower railing of
the gym balcony. Every time a point was scored, the game was halted so the janitor could log out a
ladder and retrieve the ball. Later, the bottoms of the peach baskets were removed.

1892 – first formal rules were devised

1893 – iron hoops and a hammock style basket were introduced
1959 – James Naismith was inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame (called the Naismith Memorial Hall
of Fame)
1950’s – introduced the current orange ball which is designed by Tony Hinkle, so that the players and
spectators would be able to see it more clearly.

The First 13 Rules of Basketball

1. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands.
2. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands (never with the fist)
3. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it,
allowance to be made for a man who catches the ball when running at a good speed.
4. The ball must be held in or between the hands; the arms or body must not be used for holding
it.
5. No shouldering, holding, pushing, tripping, or striking in any way the person of the opponent
shall be allowed; the first infringement of this rule by any player shall count as a foul, the second
shall disqualify him until the next goal is made, or, if there was evident intent to injure the
person, for the whole of the game, no substitute allowed.
6. A foul is striking at the ball with the fist, violation of Rules 3, 4, and such as described in Rule 5.
7. If either side makes three consecutive fouls, it shall count a goal for the opponents (consecutive
means without the opponents in the meantime making a foul).
8. A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds into the basket and
stays there, providing those defending the goal do not touch or disturb the goal. If the ball rests
on the edges, and the opponent moves the basket, it shall count as a goal.
9. When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field of play by the person first
touching it. In case of a dispute, the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The thrower-in
is allowed five seconds: if he holds it longer, it shall go to the opponent. If any side persists in
delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul on that side.
10. The umpire shall be judged of the men and shall note the fouls and notify the referee when
three consecutive fouls have been made. He shall have power to disqualify men according to
Rule 5.
11. The referee shall be judged of the ball and shall decide when the ball is in play, inbounds, to
which side it belongs, and shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal has been made, and
keep account of the goals with any other duties that are usually performed by a referee.
12. The time shall be two 15-minute halves, with five minutes’ rest between.
13. The side making the most baskets in that time shall declare the winner. In case of a draw, the
game may, by agreement of the captains, be continued until another goal is made.

1932 - The International Basketball Federation was formed by eight founding nations: Argentina,
Czechoslovakia, Greece, Italy, Latvia, Portugal, Romania and Switzerland. At this time, the organization
only oversaw amateur players. Derived from the French Federation Internationale de Basketball
Amateur, was thus” FIBA”.

1936 - Men’s Basketball was first included at the Berlin 1936 Summer Olympics, although a
demonstration tournament was held in 1904.

- The United States defeated Canada in the first final, played outdoors.
- This competition has usually been dominated by the United States, whose team has won all but
three titles, the first Ioss in a controversial final game in Munich in 1972 against the Soviet
Union.

1950 - the first FIBA World Championship for Men was held in Argentina

1953 - The first FIBA World Championship for Women was held in Chile

1976 - Women’s basketball was added to the Olympics, which were held in Montreal, Canada with
teams such as the Soviet Union, Brazil and Australia rivaling the American squads.

1989 - FIBA dropped the distinction between amateur and professional players

1992 - professional players played for the first time in the Olympic Games

2002 - A team made entirely of NBA players finished sixth in the 2002 World Championships in
Indianapolis, behind Yugoslavia, Argentina, Germany, New Zealand and Spain.

2004 – Athens Olympics, the United States suffered its first Olympic loss while using professional
players. It eventually won the bronze medal defeating Lithuania, finishing behind Argentina and Italy.
2006 - World Championship of Japan, the United States advanced to the Semifinals but were defeated
by Greece by 101-95. In the bronze medal game it beat team Argentina and finished 3 rd behind Greece
and Spain.

2008 – United States’ Redeem Team, won gold at the 2008 Olympics

2010 - the so called” B-Team”, won gold at the 2010 FIBA World Championship in Turkey despite
featuring no players from the 2008 squad.

NATURE OF THE GAME

BASKETBALL

 A team sport
 Two teams of five players each try to score by shooting a bail through a hoop, elevated 10 feet
above the ground
 The game is played on a rectangular floor called the court and there is a hoop at each end.

COURT

 The court Is divided into two main sections by the mid-court line. If the offensive team puts the
ball into play behind the mid-court line, it has ten seconds to get the ball over the mid-court
line. If it doesn’t then the defense gets the ball.
 Once the offensive team gets the ball over the mid-court line, it can no longer have possession
of the ball in the area in back of the line if it does, the defense is awarded the ball.
 The ball is moved down the court toward the basket by passing or dribbling.
 The team with the ball is called the offense and team without the ball is called the defense,
which try to steal the ball.

POINTINGS

2 points – the basket is made inside three-point arc

3-points - the basket is made outside three-point arc

Free throws (1 point) – awarded to a team according to some formats involving the number of fouls
committed and/or the type of foul committed.

3 free throws – foul is beyond the three-point line

2 free throw – 2nd personal foul

Other types of fouls do not result in free throws being awarded.

4 quarters – switch places every quarter, 12 minutes for professional, 8 – 6 minutes for high school or
amateur

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
 Basketball has grown into one of the most popular team sports in the world. It’s a truly global
game
 National Basketball Association (NBA) in the USA, the world’s leading professional league
- features players from more than 30 countries
 Basketball tournaments are held for boys and girls of all age levels
 Players from all six inhabited continents currently play in the NBA.
 Top international players began coming into the NBA in the mid-1990s, including Croatians
Drazen Petrovic and Toni Kukoč, Serbian Vlade Divac, Lithuanians Arvydas Sabonis and Šarünas
Marciulionis and German Detlef Schrempf.
 The all-tournament team from the 2010 edition in Turkey featured four NBA players:
- MVP Kevin Durant - Team USA and the Oklahoma City Thunder
- Linas Kleiza - Lithuania and the Toronto Raptors
- Luis Scola - Argentina and the Houston Rockets
- Hedo Turkoglu - Turkey and the Phoenix Suns
 The strength of international Basketball is evident in the fact that Team USA won none of the
three world championships held between 1998 and 2006, with Serbia (then known as
Yugoslavia] winning in 1998 and 2002 and Spain in 2006.

Basketball in Philippines

 The Philippine Basketball Association’s first game was played on April 9,1975 at the Araneta
Coliseum in Cubao, Quezon City, Philippines.
 It was founded as a “rebellion” of several teams from the now defunct (dead;gone) Manila
Industrial and Commercial Athletic Association which was tightly controlled by the Basketball
Association of the Philippines (now defunct).
 Nine teams from the MICAA participated in the league’s first season that opened on April 9,
1975.

Women’s National Basketball Association (WNBA)

 The NBA-backed Women’s National Basketball Association (WNBA) began in 1997.

 Several marquee (big name;popular) players (Lisa Leslie, Diana Taurasi, and Candace Parker
among others) have helped the league’s popularity and level of competition.
 Other professional Women’s basketball leagues in the United States, such as the American
Basketball League (1996-1998), have folded in part because of the popularity of the WNBA.
 The WNBA gets more viewers on national television broadcasts (413,000) than both Major
League Soccer (253,000) and the National Hockey League (310,732).