MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC, JALGAON

(0018)

Program Name and Code : ME 4I B

Course Name and Code :. Theory Of Machine (22438)
Academic Year : 2022-23
Semester : Fourth

A MICRO PROJECT
on
BEAM ENIGNE

Submitted by the group of 4 students

Sr. Roll Enrollment

Name of student Seat No.
No. No. No.
1 62 Sushil Prabhakar Patil 2100180643
2 67 Rupesh Onkar Rane 210018048
3 101 Prathamesh Suresh Vispute 2100180691
4 105 Vipul Hemant Zope 2100180695

Project Guide
Dr. Ashish Vikhar Sir
(Lecturer in TOM)

1
MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Group Copy Roll 62,67,101,105 of Fourth Semester of

Diploma in Mechanical Engineering (B) of Institute Government Polytechnic,
Jalgaon (0018) has completed the Micro Project satisfactorily in the Subject Theory
Of Machine for the Academic Year 2022-23 as prescribed in the curriculum.

Place: Jalgaon Enrolment No:

2100180643,648,691,695

Date: Exam Seat No:

Subject Teacher Head of the Department Principal

Seal of
Institution

2
GOVTERNMENT POLYTECHNIC
JALGAON

-SUBMISSION-

I S.P.P, R.O.R, V.S.P, V.H.Z Roll No./Seat No. 62,67,101,105 as a student of

4thSem/Year of the Programme Mechanical Engineering humbly submit that I have
completed from time to time the Practical/Micro-Project work as described in this
report by my own skills and study between the period from / / 2022 to / /
2022 as per instructions/guidance of Dr. Ashish Vikhar sir.
And that following students were associated with me for this work, however,
quantum of my contribution has been approved by the Lecturer.
And that I have not copied the report on its any appreciable part from any
other literature in contravention of the academic ethics.

Date: ……/…../2022 Signature of Student

1)
2)
3)
4)

3
Evaluation Sheet for the Micro Project

Academic Year: 2022-23 Name of the Faculty: Dr. Ashish Vikhar sir
Course: TOM Course code: 22348
Semester: 4th
Title of the project: Beam Engine
COs addressed by Micro Project:
A. Identify various links in popular mechanism.
B. Interpret the motion of cams and followers.
C. Select suitable mechanism for various applications.
D. Choose relevant brakes and clutches for various applications.
E. Recommend relevant belts, chains and drives for different applications.
F. Select Suitable flywheel and governor for various applications.

Comments/suggestions about team work /leadership/inter-personal

communication (if any)
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Marks out of Marks out of
6 for 4for
Roll Student Name performance performance in Total out
No in group oral/ of 10
activity presentation
(D5 Col.8) (D5 Col.9)
1 Sushil Prabhakar Patil
2 Rupesh Onkar Rane
3 Prathamesh Suresh
Vispute
4 Vipul Hemant Zope

4
WEEKLY PROGRESS REPORT

SR.NO. WEEK ACTIVITY PERFORMED SIGN OF GUIDE DATE

1 Discussion and finalization of
topic

2 Preparation and submission of

Abstract
3
First Literature Review
Week
4 Collection of Data

5 Collection of Data

6 Discussion and outline of

Content
Second
7 Week Formulation of Content

8 Editing and proof Reading of

Content
9 Compilation of Report And
Presentation
10 Seminar

11
Third Viva voce
Week
12 Final submission of Micro
Project

Sign of the student Sign of the faculty

5
ACKNOWLEDGE

The success and final outcome of this project required a lot

of guidance and assistance from many people and we are
extremely privileged to have got this all along the completion of
our project. All that we have done is only due to such supervision
and assistance and we would not forget to thank them.
We respect and thank Dr. Parag Patil, Principal,
Government Polytechnic, Jalgaon for providing us an
opportunity to do the project work in the institute and giving us
all support and guidance which made us complete the project
duly. We are extremely thankful to Dr. Parag Patil Sir for
providing such a nice support and guidance.
We heartily thank Mr. D. M. Patil Head Department of
Mechanical Engineering , for his guidance, suggestions and
encouragement during this project work.

We owe our deep gratitude to our project guide, Dr. Ashish

Vikhar sir who took keen interest on our project work and guided
us all along, till the completion of our project work by providing
all the necessary information for developing a good system.
We are thankful to and fortunate enough to get constant
encouragement, support and guidance from all the Teaching
staffs of Department of Mechanical Engineering which helped us
in successfully completing our project work.

6
Index
Sr.no Topic Page No.

1 Introduction 8

2 What is Mechanism 9

3 Four Bar chain 10

Mechanism

4 Beam Engine 11

5 Construction 12

6 Working 13

7 Links and Pair in 14

beam engine

8 History 15

9 Advantages and 16
Disadvantages

10 Application 17

11 Conclusion 18

12 References 19

7
Introduction

Beam Engine is best example of Four Bar chain mechanism.

A beam engine is a type of steam engine where a pivoted
overhead beam is used to apply the force from a
vertical piston to a vertical connecting rod. This configuration,
with the engine directly driving a pump, was first used
by Thomas Newcomen around 1705 to remove water from
mines in Cornwall. The efficiency of the engines was improved
by engineers including James Watt, who added a
separate condenser; Jonathan Hornblower and Arthur Woolf,
who compounded the cylinders; and William McNaught, who
devised a method of compounding an existing engine. Beam
engines were first used to pump water out of mines or into
canals but could be used to pump water to supplement the flow
for a waterwheel powering a mill.

The rotative beam engine is a later design of beam engine where

the connecting rod drives a flywheel by means of a crank (or,
historically, by means of a sun and planet gear). These beam
engines could be used to directly power the line-shafting in
a mill. They also could be used to power steam ships.

8
What is Mechanism?

In engineering, a mechanism is a device that transforms input

forces and movement into a desired set of output forces and
movement.
A mechanism is usually a piece of a larger process, known as
a mechanical system or machine. Sometimes an entire machine
may be referred to as a mechanism; examples are the steering
mechanism in a car, or the winding mechanism of a wristwatch.
However, typically, a set of multiple mechanisms is called a
machine.

9
Four Bar chain Mechanism
In the study of mechanisms, a four-bar linkage, also called
a four-bar, is the simplest closed-chain movable linkage. It
consists of four bodies, called bars or links, connected in a loop
by four joints. Generally, the joints are configured so the links
move in parallel planes, and the assembly is called a planar four-
bar linkage. Spherical and spatial four-bar linkages also exist and
are used in practice.
• A link that are fixed in place relative to the viewer is called
a ground link.
• A link connecting to the ground by a revolute joint that can
perform a complete revolution is called a crank link.
• A link connecting to the ground by a revolute joint that
cannot perform a complete revolution is called a rocker link.
• A link connecting to a ground line by a prismatic joint is
called a slider. Sliders are sometimes considered to be
cranks that have a hinged pivot at an infinitely long distance
away perpendicular to the travel of the slider.
•
A link connecting to two other links is called a floating
link or coupler. A coupler connecting a crank and a slider in
a single slider crank mechanism is often called a connecting
rod, however, it has also been used to refer to any type of
coupler.
BEAM ENGINE IS BEST EXAMPLE OF FOUR BAR CHAIN
MECHANISM
10
Beam Engine

Purpose of this mechanism is ‘to convert

rotary motion into reciprocating motion’.

11
Construction of beam engine

This mechanism is an inversion of four bar chain . It has four

turning pair. It consists of frame OC which is fixed and on which
all other elements are fitted. The Crank is fixed at pt. 'O' at frame.
The crank is free rotates about pt.'O' . Other end of crank is
connected to connectin rod AB. Other end of connecting rod AB
is linked to one end of lever. The lever is pivoted at pt 'C' other
end of lever 'D' is attached to piston -cylinder mechanism as
shown.

As the crank starts rotating this motion is transmitted to lever

by connection rod. As crank continues to rotate the lever starts
to oscillate about pt. 'C', this oscillatory motion is transmitted to
piston & cylinder.

12
Working of Beam engine

1. A Part of mechanism of a beam engine [also known as a

crank and lever mechanism] consisting of for link is shown
figure.

2. Here, all the four paris are turning pairs.

3. This inversion is obtained by fixing link(1) i.e. Frame.

4. In this mechanism, when crank i.e. link(2) rotates about

fixed center ‘A’ the lever ‘CDE’ i.e. link(4) oscillates about a
fixed centre ‘D’.

5. Link(3) acts as connecting rod.

6. End ‘E’ of the lever CDE is connected to a piston rod, which

reciprocates due to rotation of the crank.

13
Links and Pairs of Beam engine

Links:-
Link 1:- Frame (fixed link)

Link 2:- Crank (Driving link) AB

Link 3:- Connecting rod (BC)

Link 4:- Lever (CDE)

Pairs:-
Link 1 & 2:- Turning Pair (Frame & Crank)

Link 2 & 3:- Turning Pair (Crank & Connecting rod)

Link 3 & 4 :- Turning Pair ( Connecting rod & Lever)

Link 4 & 1:- Turning Pair (Lever & Frame)

14
History
The first beam engines were water-powered and used to pump
water from mines. A preserved example may be seen at the
Strait steps Lead Mine in Wanlockhead in Scotland.
Beam engines were extensively used to power pumps on the
English canal system when it was expanded by means
of locks early in the Industrial Revolution, and also to drain water
from mines in the same period, and as winding engines.
The first steam-related beam engine was developed by Thomas
Newcomen. This was not, strictly speaking, steam powered, as
the steam introduced below the piston was condensed to create
a partial vacuum thus allowing atmospheric pressure to push
down the piston. It was therefore called an Atmospheric Engine.
The Newcomen atmospheric engine was adopted by many
mines in Cornwall and elsewhere, but it was relatively inefficient
and consumed a large quantity of fuel. The engine was improved
by John Smeaton but James Watt resolved the main
inefficiencies of the Newcomen engine in his Watt steam
engine by the addition of a separate condenser, thus allowing
the cylinder to remain hot. Technically this was still an
atmospheric engine until (under subsequent patents) he
enclosed the upper part of the cylinder, introducing steam to
also push the piston down. This made it a true steam engine and
arguably confirms him as the inventor of the steam engine. He
also patented the centrifugal governor and the parallel motion.
The latter allowed the replacement of chains round an arch head
and thus allowed its use as a rotative engine.

15
Advantages of Beam Engine
• It is a mechanism which can be used converting rotary motion
into reciprocating motion which can be used in a number of
applications like slitting, shaping, etc.

• We can also obtain reverse reverse effect such that

reciprocating motion provided to the mechanism can be
converted to rotary motion.

• It is major mechanism in context to the energy sector because

it is the mechanism which is used to pump oil out from earth.

Disadvantages of Beam Engine

• It cannot be used at places where variable motion is

required without using other accessories.

• There are four joints in the mechanism, at these joints

friction will take place causing wear which will demand
need for maintenance of the mechanism.

• In the case of reciprocating motion quick return is not

possible.
16
Application of Beam engine

• It is used to draw out water from mines, as well as to pump

water into canals.

• This Mechanism is widely used in steam engines but

nowadays it is used in water pumps, oil rings, specially
sewing machine.

• It is type of steam engine where a pivoted overhead beam

is used to apply the force from a vertical piston to a vertical
connecting rod.

• It is basically 6 link mechanism that converts rotary motion

of crank into reciprocating motion of piston.

17
Conclusion

We here by conclude that the beam engine mechanism is

generally used to convert reciprocating motion into rotary
motion, but here we are using this mechanism to convert rotary
motion into reciprocating motion.

In conclusion, the beam engine was a major invention of the

Industrial Revolution and was important to the advancement of
industrialization throughout different sectors, such as: the
textile industry, mining .

18
References

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beam_engine

• https://mechdiploma.com/q11-explain-sketch-beam-

engine

• https://www.slideshare.net/subhadeeptasahoo/beam-

engine-mechanism

• https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/victorians/launch_

ani_beam_engine.shtml

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