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1742029908645

The document provides an overview of PLC wiring, programming, and relay operations, including basic concepts and components involved in PLC systems. It discusses the functionality of relays, their construction, and types, as well as AC drives and their control mechanisms. Key topics include ladder diagram instructions, interlock applications, and different types of AC drives with their specifications.

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Pradeep Shakamuri
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3 views

1742029908645

The document provides an overview of PLC wiring, programming, and relay operations, including basic concepts and components involved in PLC systems. It discusses the functionality of relays, their construction, and types, as well as AC drives and their control mechanisms. Key topics include ladder diagram instructions, interlock applications, and different types of AC drives with their specifications.

Uploaded by

Pradeep Shakamuri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PLC Basic & Wiring

Created by

MD. HABIBUR RAHMAN


Lead System Engineer
Ulterior Engineering Inlt.
+880 16243-55544
engrhabiburrahman121@gmail
WIRING PLC
WIRING PLC
I/O ADDRESS
I/O ADDRESS
CPU I/O MEMORY
PROGRAMING DEVICE
CPU – User Memory
Power Supply
Running Program
SUMMARY
CYCLIC OPERATION
CYCLE TIME
PLC BASIC PROGRAMING
PLC BASIC PROGRAMING
Wiring Vs Sequence Diagram
Wiring Vs Sequence Diagram
Ladder Diagram Symbol
Rules on Ladder Diagram Programs
Contact & Coil Instructions
AND, OR & XOR Instructions
Inversion Instructions
NO CONTACT
NC CONTACT
AND GATE
OR GATE
Excercise
Self Holding
Self Holding

Input

Reset
Work Area
Simplified Using Work Area
Interlock
Sirkuit Pengaman (Interlock)
Motor tidak berputar
bersamaan pada 2 arah yang
berlawanan
Interlock Application
RELAY
Relay is an electrically operated switch.

Electric Magnetic Mechanical


RELAY
RELAY

Electromechanical relays perform many functions. Some include:


• Isolation of control circuits from load circuits, or AC powered
circuits from DC powered circuits.
• Switching multiple currents or voltages to different loads using one
control signal.

• Monitoring industrial safety systems and disconnecting power to


machinery if safety is compromised.
• Using several to provide simple logic functions such as 'AND,' 'NOT,'
or 'OR' for sequential control or safety interlocks.
RELAY CONSTRUCTION
BASIC OPERATION

1. Power is applied to the coil inducing a magnetic field.


2. The magnetic field is converted into a mechanical force by
attracting the armature.
3. The moving armature closes/opens one or more electrical
contacts
4. The contacts allow switching of power to the load such as a
motor, lamp, etc
5. Once coil voltage is removed, the magnetic field collapses, the
contacts separate, and return to their "normal" position.
RELAY CONTACT OPERATION

The Operate time is the time between


energizing the coil and first contact
closure, not including contact bounce.

The Release time is time it takes the


contacts to open after power has been
removed from the relay coil.
RATING SPESIFICATION
CONTACT TIP MATERIAL
CONTACTs CONFIGURATIONs
RELAY
Relay A will work with DC or AC
and proper polarity of the wiring is
not required for relay operation.
RELAY
Relay A will work with DC or AC
and proper polarity of the wiring is
not required for relay operation.
RELAY
Relay B includes a surge absorbing diode across
the relay coil to absorb the back electromotive
force when the coil is de-energized. Care must be
taken when connecting this type of relay to
maintain proper polarity.
RELAY
Relay C uses a permanent magnet to assist the
electromagnetic force. The pole of the coil at the
working gap is either North or South depending
on the polarity of the coil.
Latching vs. Non-Latching

Relays can be Latching (Bistable) or Non-Latching (Monostable).

Latching Relay
Non-Latching Relay
AC DRIVE
An AC Drive is a device used to control the rotational speed of an
AC (alternating current) motor by controlling the frequency of the
electrical power supplied to the motor.
Motor Induksi
(Alternating Current/AC)

RPM MPH
Type of AC DRIVEs

• Volts/Hz Drives (Open Loop)


• Sensorless Vector Drives (Open Loop)
• Vector Drives with feedback (Closed Loop)
AC DRIVE COMPONENTS

PWM
(DC to AC)

Rectifier/Penyearah Capacitor IGBT


(AC to DC) (Power Store) (Transistor)
Volts per Hertz Drives
Sensorless Vector Drives

• PWM Mode (Pulse Width Modulation)


• High starting torque at low speeds (200% at 0.5Hz)
• Speed regulation is improved to <1% error
• Speed and torque reference inputs
• Self-tuning & Torque control without feedback
• Can be used with permanent magnet motors, and high
speed motors up to 1000 Hz

• Low dynamic performance on sudden changing loads


• Lack the ability to hold a motor at zero speed
Vector Drives with Feedback Device

• This drive is currently the only type of AC Drive available


with similar or equivalent performance to DC Drives.
• These drives monitor the voltage and current outputs, as
well as encoder feedback from the motor for closed loop
Vector control.

• This feedback is used to adjust the output waveform to


achieve the tightest speed control.

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