(a) Explain how the current flowing through a capacitor leads the applied

voltage by a phase angle of π /2. Also draw the phasor diagram for the
UNIITECH H.S. SCHOOL
circuit.
(b) With the help of a ray diagram, explain the working of a simple microscope.
PHYSICS VST – 1 (AHSE-2025)
+2 2ND Year Science
(c) (i) Why cannot two independent monochromatic sources
produce sustained interference pattern ? Full Marks : 70 Time - 3 hours
(ii) Does the appearance of bright and dark fringes in the GROUP - A
interference pattern violate, in any way, conservation of 1. Choose the correct answer out of the four probables given at the end of
energy ? Explain. each bit : [1 x 20 = 20]
(d) Explain the formation of potential barrier and depletion region in a p-n (a) Two equal and opposite charges of masses m 1 and m2 are accelerated in an
junction diode. What is the effect of applying forward bias on the width of uniform electric field through the same distance. What is the ratio of their
depletion region ? m1
GROUP - D accelerations, if their ratio of masses is =0.5 ?
m2
Answer any three of the following questions : [5 × 3 = 15]
a1 a1 a1 a1
4. State Gauss’s law of electrostatics and write down its mathematical form with (i) =2 (ii) =0.5 (iii) =3 (iv) =1
identification of the symbols. Apply Gauss’s law to find electric field intensity a2 a2 a2 a2
of a uniformly charged infinite plane sheet. [2 + 3] (b) In which of the following cases is the potential energy of an electric dipole
5. Define capacitance. Derive the expression for the capacity of a parallel-plate maximum ?
capacitor filled with a dielectric. [1 + 4]
6. State and explain Kirchhoff’s laws. Apply these laws to balance a
Wheatstone’s bridge.
[2 + 3]
7. Derive an expression for current in a purely inductive circuit containing an a.c.
source and give the phasor diagram. [4 + 1]
8. With a neat ray diagram, show the image formation in a convex lens and (c) Three capacitors, each of 4 μF are to be connected in such a way that the
establish the relation among object distance, image distance and focal length. effective capacitance of the combination is 6 μF. This can be achieved by
[1 + 4] connecting :
9. With neat circuit diagram, discuss the forward and reverse biasing of a p-n (i) All three in parallel (ii) All three in series
junction diode. Draw their characteristic curves. [3 + 2] (iii) Two of them connected in series and the combination in
parallel to the third
(iv) Two of them connected in parallel and the combination in
ALL THE BEST series to the third
(d) If the potential difference V applied across a conductor is increased to 2 V
with its temperature kept constant, the drift velocity of the free electrons in a
conductor will :
(i) remain the same (ii) become zero
(iii) become half of its previous value
(iv) be doubled of its initial value
(e) Which one is not the correct statement ? (iv) Both electric and magnetic field vectors are parallel to each
(i) 1 volt × 1 coulomb = 1 joule other.
(ii) 1 volt × 1 ampere = 1 joule/second
(iii) 1 volt × 1 watt = 1 H.P.
(iv) Watt-hour can be expressed in eV
(f) Heat developed in a wire of resistance R by a current of I amperes for time t GROUP - C
seconds is : 3. Answer any seven of the following bits : [3 × 7 = 21]
2
I t Rt (a) Point charges having values + 5 μC, 10 μC and −¿10 μC are placed
(i) calories (ii) 2
calories
4.2 R 4.2 I in air at the corners A, B and C of an equilateral triangle ABC having
2 2
I Rt I R each side equal to 5 cm. Find the resultant force on the charge at A..
(iii) calories (iv) calories
4.2 4.2 t (b) Using Kirchhoff’s rules, calculate the current through the 40 Ω and 20
(g) A circular coil A and radius R and current flowing through it is I . Another
circular coil B has radius 2R and if 2 I is the current flowing through it, then
Ω resistors in the following circuit.
magnetic field at the centre of the circular coils are in the ratio (i.e., B A : BB)
of :
(i) 4 : 1 (ii) 1 : 1(iii) 2 : 1 (iv) 3 : 1
(h) A charged particle is moving with velocity v in a magnetic field of induction
B. The force on the particle will be maximum when
(i) v and B are perpendicular
(ii) v and B are in the same direction
(iii) v and B are in the opposite direction (c) The refractive index of the material of a prism of 60 0 angle for
(iv) v and B are at an angle of 450 yellow light is √ 2. Determine in the position of minimum deviation :
(i) A bar magnet of magnetic moment M is kept in uniform magnetic field of (i) Angle of minimum deviation
strength B, making an angle θ with its direction. The torque acting on it is : (ii) The angle of incidence
(i) MB (ii) MB cos θ (iii) The angle of refraction.
(iii) MB (1−¿ cos ) θ (iv) MB sin θ (d) A metal surface when illuminated by a light of frequency 0.9 ×
(j) The current in the primary coil of a pair of coils changes from 7 A to 3 A in
1015 Hz emits electrons which can be stopped by a retarding potential
0.04 s. The mutual inductance between the two coils is 0.5 H. The induced
emf in the secondary coil is :
of 0.6 V. When the surface is illuminated by light of frequency 1.26
(i) 50 V (ii) 75 V (iii) 100 V (iv) 220 V × 1015 Hz, the required stopping potential is 2.1 V. Find the value of
(k) In an a.c. circuit containing only capacitor, the current : Planck’s constant and work function of the metal.
(i) leads voltage by 1800 (ii) remains in phase with voltage (e) Obtain the expressions for the resultant capacitance, when the three
(iii) leads voltage by 900(iv) lags voltage by 900 capacitors C1 and C2 are connected (i) in parallel and then (ii) in
(l) Which of the following statement is NOT true about the properties of series.
electromagnetic waves ? (f) (i) Briefly explain how galvanometer is converted into an
(i) These waves do not require any material medium for their ammeter.
Propagation. (ii) A galvanometer coil has a resistance of 15 Ω and it shows
(ii) Both electric and magnetic field vectors attain the maxima full scale deflection for a current of 4 mA. Convert it into an
and minima at the same time.
ammeter of range 0 to 6 A.
(iii) The energy in electromagnetic wave is divided equally
between electric and magnetic fields
(g) (i) Why two magnetic lines of force never intersect each other ?
(ii) Write two points of differences between para-, dia- and (t) When a p-n junction diode is subjected to reverse biasing :
ferro-magnetic materials. (i) the barrier height decreases and the depletion region widens
(h) State Lenz’s law. In a closed circuit, the induced current opposes the (ii) the barrier height increases and the depletion region widens
change in magnetic flux that produced it as per the law of (iii) the barrier height decreases and the depletion region shrinks
(iv) the barrier height increases and the depletion region shrinks
conservation of energy. Justify.
(m) A concave mirror of focal length 15 cm forms an image having twice the
linear dimensions of the object. The position of the object, when the image is
virtual will be : GROUP - B
(i) 7.5 cm (ii) 22.5 cm (iii) 30 cm (iv) 45 cm 2. Answer any seven of the following bits : [2 × 7 = 14]
(n) The refractive index of water is 4/3 and that of glass is 5/3. What will be the (a) Write Snell’s law of refraction.
critical angle of ray of light entering water from glass. (b) Draw equipotential surfaces for an electric dipole.
(i) sin−1 ( 4/5 ) (ii) sin−1 ( 5/ 4 ) (c) In the circuit shown in the figure, the charge on the capacitor of 4 μF
(iii) sin−1 ( 1/2 ) (iv) sin−1 ( 2/1 ) is 16 μC. Calculate the energy stored in the capacitor of 12 μF
(o) In a certain double-slit experimental arrangement, interference fringes of
capacitance.
width 1 mm each are observed when light of wavelength 5000 is used.
Keeping the set-up unaltered, if the source is replaced by another of

wavelength 6000 , the fringe width will be :

(i) 1.2 mm (ii) 0.5 mm (iii) 1 mm (iv) 1.5 mm
(p) When green light is incident on a certain metal surface, electrons are emitted
but no electrons are emitted by yellow light. If red light is incident on the
same metal surface :
(i) more energetic electrons will be emitted (d) State and explain Ampere’s circuital law.
(ii) less energetic electrons will be emitted (e) The ratio of number of turns in the primary and secondary windings
(iii) emission of electrons will depend on the intensity of light of a step-up transformer is 1 : 200. It is connected to a.c. mains of 200
(iv) no electrons will be emitted
(q) When an electron in an atom moves from the ground state to a higher energy
V. Calculate the voltage developed in the secondary.
level, what happens to its kinetic and potential energies ? (f) The image of an extended object kept in front of a lens is found to be
Kinetic energy Potential energy virtual, erect and diminished. What is the type of the lens ? Draw a
(i) Increases Increases neat ray diagram of the image formation by the said lens.
(ii) Increases Decreases
(g) State and explain Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction.
(iii Decreases Increases
) (h) In Young’s experiment, the fringe width of the fringes with light of
(iv) Decreases Decreases
(r) The mass number of He is 4 and that for sulphur is 32. The radius of wavelength 6000 is 2.0 mm. What will be the fringe width, if the
sulphur nucleus is large than that of helium by : entire apparatus is immersed in a liquid of refractive index 1.33 ?
(i) √ 8 (ii) 4 (iii) 8 (iv) 2 (i) Draw graphs showing variation of photoelectric current with applied
(s) A proton and an α particle are accelerated through the same potential voltage for two incident radiations of equal frequency and different
difference V. The wavelengths associated with the two bear the ratio : intensities. Mark the graph for the radiation of higher intensity.
(i) 2 √ 2:1 (ii) 1 : 4(iii) 4 : 1 (iv) 2 : 1
(j) State Curie’s law for paramagnetic substances.
(k) The energy of an electron in the ground state of hydrogen atom is –
13.6 eV. Find the kinetic and potential energy of the electron in the
first excited state.
(l) The nuclear radius of 27 64
13 Al is 3.6 fermi. Find the nuclear radius of 29 Cu