BASKETBALL PROJECT

PRESENTED BY:
MARCO ANTONIO GUERRERO VILLAMIL

SANTA CECILIA SCHOOL

SAN JOSE DE CUCUTA,
2020
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. MISSION
2. VISION
3. OBJECTIVES
* GENERAL OBJECTIVES
* SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
4. INTRODUCTION
5. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
6. HISTORY OF BASKETBALL
7. TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF BASKETBALL
* BALL DRINK
* DISPLACEMENTS AND POSITIONS
* BASKETBALL PASS
* DRIBBLE
* SHOTS OR THROWS
* REBOUND
* PIVOT
* dribble or dribbling
* DEFENDING
8. MATERIALS TO PRACTICE BASKETBALL
9. THE MATCHES
10. BASKETBALL FOR CHILDREN
11. CONCLUSIONS
12 ANNEXES
13. BIBLIOGRAPHY AND CYBEROGRAPHY
MISSION
The mission of this project is to guide other students to apply the sport of volleyball
to their daily lives since it provides physical well-being and good development of
teamwork in order to achieve victory.

VISION

This project is aimed at having a trajectory where each person who observes it
becomes aware of applying basketball to their daily work and sees in it a form of
physical and mental development. I also want this project to be seen by students,
teachers and other people, since in one way or another it is aimed at people of
different ages.
GOALS
* GENERAL OBJECTIVE:
* Deepen my knowledge and that of my colleagues regarding
the main rules and themes that contribute to a good game of
basketball.
* SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
* Apply the knowledge previously seen in the physical education and sports
subjects about this sport to the project.
* Learn about its history and development worldwide and places where this sport
prevails.
INTRODUCTION

This project is based on relating all the concepts of basketball, in order to carry out
this sport in accordance with its rules and instructions according to its regulations.
It is also desired that students who observe this project conclude that basketball is
a team game. However, to form this collective technique, it is necessary that the
players who make up a team gather the elements that make possible the
construction of this group that must operate corporately as a unit.
Thus managing to be a winning team.
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

Basketball or basketball is a fast-action game. It is practiced between two teams of

five players each. The objective of the game is to obtain more points than the
opposing team in a given time, scoring points by putting the ball into the other
team's basket. It is about preventing the opponent from getting into possession of
the ball and scoring a goal.
The ball can be passed, thrown, hit, rolled or bounced in any direction, subject to
the rules of the game. The match consists of two halves of 20 minutes each and a
10-minute break.
The official regulations of the FIBA (International Amateur Basketball Federation)
explicitly prohibit a tie, so in that case one or more overtimes of five minutes each
are played until a victory is achieved.
The referee starts the game by throwing the ball into the air from the center of the
field.
From the moment Canadian James Naismith invented basketball in 1891, the
characteristics of the new game - collective effort, speed and skill - quickly made it
a favorite among young people.
Basketball is played today in virtually all universities and higher educational
establishments around the world, being one of the most widely accepted team
sports.
HISTORY OF BASKETBALL

There are many theories about the ancestral origins of our sport, and many sports
or activities that our ancestors practiced, be they Mayans, Aztecs, Persians, etc.,
are cited as precursors to basketball. To cite some examples, we can talk about a
game that was played back in the 18th century on the beaches of Florida (and that
certainly did not look anything like the current ones), or the one that was played in
the Netherlands back in the 16th century. , or the cauldron game that the
shepherds of the Pyrenees played, or the buzhaski that was played in Afghanistan,
or the Argentine Pato, the pok-ta-pok of the Mayans, the tlachtli of the Aztecs, etc. I
find the phrase of the 12th century Persian philosopher Omar Kheyan particularly
impressive when he refers to man: "You are a ball with which destiny plays, and
God, who plays with balls without will, has been shooting at the basket for 1,000
years." "
A closer precedent is found in a popular game played in the Netherlands, the "korf
game", which in Flemish means basket. This game later gave rise to what is
currently known as Balonkorf, a mixed game that, apparently, Professor Naismith
already knew when he invented Basketball.
But the truth is that Basketball as such was born in 1891 by James Naismith, at the
YMCA Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts, USA.
Professor Naismith was born in 1861, in Ramsay, near Almonte (Long live the
Virgin of Rocío!) in Ontario, Canada. He died in 1939. He had degrees in theology,
psychology and medicine, as well as a teacher of physical education and other
subjects at several YMCA schools and at the University of Kansas.
Naismith was looking for a game that his students could play indoors, in the gym,
during the harsh Massachusetts winters. Thus, the professor remembered an old
game from his childhood, "duck-on-a-rock", which consisted of trying to reach an
object placed on a rock by throwing a stone at it. Naismith analyzed the sports that
were played then, in which strength or physical contact predominated, and thought
of something that required more skill than strength and that did not have physical
contacts. He asked the person in charge of the School gym for some boxes about
50 centimeters in diameter, but the only thing they got him were some baskets of
peaches, a little more open at the top than at the bottom. And for lack of anything
better, he had them hung on the railings of the upper gallery that surrounded the
gym, which happened to be 3.05 meters from the ground. The ball used was a
"soccer" ball (our football) And, look, we already have a new sport. How to call
him? At first it was thought of "Naismith-ball", something that the professor himself
denied. And as it could not be otherwise, it ended up being called: BASKETBALL,
our beloved Basketball, the Italian Pallacanestro, the Yugoslavian Kosarkaski, the
Portuguese Basketball, the French Basketball, etc.
Naismith designed a set of thirteen rules for the new sport:
* The ball can be thrown in any direction with one or both hands
* The ball can be hit in any direction with one or both hands, but never with the fist
* A player can not run with the ball. The player must throw it from the place where
he catches it
* The ball must be held in or between the hands. Arms or body cannot be used to
hold it
* Shouldering, grabbing, pushing, hitting or tripping an opponent is not permitted.
The first violation of this rule by any person will count as a foul; the second will
disqualify him until a basket is scored or, if there is obvious intent to cause an
injury, for the remainder of the game. it wont be allowed the substitution of the
infractor
* Hitting the ball with the fist, violations of rules 3 and 4 and what is described in
rule 5 will be considered a foul.
* If a team makes three consecutive fouls (that is, without the opponent having
made any in that interval) a point will be counted for their opponents
* Points will be scored when the ball is thrown or hit from the court into the basket
and stays there. If the ball stays on the edge and an opponent moves the basket, it
will count as a point
* When the ball goes out of bounds, it will be thrown into the field and played by
the first person to touch it. In case of doubt, the referee will throw the ball in a
straight line towards the field. Whoever serves has five seconds. if it takes longer,
the ball passes to the opponent
* The umpire will judge the players and record the fouls, and will notify the referee
when a team commits three consecutive fouls. He will have the power to disqualify
players in accordance with rule 5
* The referee will judge the ball and decide when it is in play or in the field or out,
to whom it belongs, and will keep the time. He will decide when a point is scored
and will keep the score and any other task of a referee.
* The time will be two halves of 15 minutes with a 5-minute break between both
* The team that gets the most points will be the winner

Since Naismith had 18 students, he decided that the teams would be made up of 9
players each. Soon it went to 7, to end the current 5.
The first major rule change was introduced with the pivot foot rules, the natural
continuation of which was dribbling.
The board emerged as protection, to prevent the followers located in the gallery
from whose railing the baskets were hanging from being able to hinder the entry of
the ball into the basket, which later became a metal ring and a net without holes,
leading to the current networks
The truth is that the game was liked and soon caught on in the USA. For
geographical reasons, the first country in which it was introduced was Mexico. It
arrived in Europe thanks to the YMCA headquarters, and when it appeared, it was
in Paris where Basketball was practiced and taught for the first time. But the real
boost of this new sport in the Old Continent came as a result of World War I,
because American soldiers, in their free time, practiced it assiduously.
Basketball was an exhibition sport at the 1928 and 1932 Olympic Games, reaching
Olympic status at the Berlin Games in 1936. The women had to wait until 1976
And as a brief historical review I think that's enough. Just add something about the
Introduction of Basketball in Spain
It is agreed that the sport of Basketball was introduced in Spain in 1921, through
the Piarist Father Eusebio Millán, who had spent ten years as a missionary in
Cuba, where he learned about this sport introduced to the island by the soldiers
who invaded it in 1906. Father Millán implemented the new sport in the Pious
Schools of San Antón, in Barcelona
In Spain, at that time (just as now) there was a real passion for football, and it
seemed very strange that a team and ball sport could be played with the hands. An
agreement with the students was necessary so that, with difficulty, they would
accept Basketball.
Father Millán became passionate about this sport and did a great job of
proselytizing, until in 1922 he managed to form the first Spanish basketball club:
the Laietá Basket Club, the popular Layetano
But the truth is that Spanish basketball was too isolated from the rest of the world
to progress, and it continued to be played in a very rudimentary way on soccer
fields and with 7 against 7. In 1927, the visit of an Argentine club to play against
the Spanish team (which they defeated 16-50) was a true revolution, moving to the
5-on-5 game, and on fields with regulation measurements, documentation was
sought abroad, and The techniques and tactics of this sport that was beginning to
stand out in much of the world were investigated.

TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF BASKETBALL

BALL BOOT:
The fundamental principle in handling the ball is that it should never be held with
the palms of the hands, and that contact with them must be momentary, at the very
moment of reception.
It is the fingers that intervene in its handling, forming with the hands a concave
space, a kind of cage, in which the ball must be imprisoned. The ball is thus held
firmly, and ready to be played whenever desired, without it being able to move
even if the arms, wrists, trunk or the entire body does so in a movement.
Reception of the ball can take place with both hands or only one:
When receiving with both hands, without losing sight of the ball, you go towards it
with your body in an oblique and advanced position, your arms extended without
rigidity, your shoulders loose, and your hands open wide, with your fingers
oriented.
When receiving the ball with one hand, it generally arrives laterally, having to
cushion its arrival with only one hand, taking it towards the other for effective
control, through a loose movement with a small rotation of the trunk, moving the
shoulder back. The dam is inverted.

DISPLACEMENTS AND POSITIONS

Basic Position
Since great speed and precision are required, a good body position is essential
from which the player maintains balance and has good balance to make
movements in any direction.

* Defensive. When our team does not have the ball. The objective is to prevent the
opponent's advance or prevent him from scoring a point. The position is with legs
open and slightly bent, arms separated from the body, and one of them towards
the ball. The body position is with our back to our own basket. When moving, you
should not lift your feet too much off the ground or cross them, to avoid falls.

* Offensive. Legs apart, one further forward than the other, facing the opponent's
basket and holding the ball close to the chest, with both hands. You have to quickly
shoot a basket, advance or pass to a teammate.
Combining these elements with technical fundamentals such as passing, dribbling,
throwing, we will obtain the best offensive results. Now we will see each of them:

CAREER
It is the main form of movement in the game. During it, starts and stops occur with
a variety of speed and direction.
JUMPS
They occur very frequently; There are two types: with one leg and with two legs.

ONE LEG JUMP

It is generally executed in motion, jumping up and forward, with the support of one
leg; You land or fall with both legs. Bliss
Fall is the continuation of the inertia of the race.
JUMP WITH TWO LEGS
It is generally done upwards and with the support of both legs, just like the fall. We
will take a defensive rebound as an example.
Within the game of basketball, the following positions are available to place the
players:

* "Base": Also called "playmaker" (literally, game creator). Normally the lowest
team player. In attack he raises the ball to the opposite field and directs the
attacking play of his team, commanding the game system. His recommendable
characteristics are good ball handling, game vision, ability to make good passes,
good speed and a successful outside shot. At point guards, assists are valued as
well as points scored, although a good player must achieve both. In defense they
have to make it difficult for the opposing point guard to get the ball up, cover the
passing lanes and be attentive to collecting long rebounds. Normally these players
are not of high stature, since what is really important is the organizational and
game management capacity. Known as 1 in the terminology used by coaches.

* "Guard": Player normally shorter, faster and more agile than the rest, except
sometimes the point guard. He must contribute points to the team, with a good shot
including the three-point shot, good control of the ball and a great ability to get to
the basket. Known as 2 in the terminology used by coaches.

* "Eaves": It is generally an intermediate height between interior and exterior

players. His game is balanced between strength and shooting. It is an important
position, due to its ability to combine height with speed. In attack, you must be a
good three-point shooter and also know how to complete an entry under the
opponent's board. They are basic pieces in launching the counterattack and
usually complete most of them. Known as 3 in the terminology used by coaches.
* "Power Forward": It is a more physical role than the small forward, in many cases
with a game very similar to the center. He keeps most of his points in the low post,
although some can become very effective shooters. They help the center to
prevent the opposing team from playing inside, and they close the rebound. Known
as 4 in the terminology used by coaches.
* "Pivot": They are the tallest players on the team, and the strongest muscularly.
Normally, the center must use his height and power playing close to the rim. A
center who combines strength with agility is a fundamental piece for his team. They
are the players who surprise new fans the most, due to their great height. In
Europe the middle center has evolved more and is capable of opening outwards to
shoot. In defense they seek to collect the short rebound, prevent the interior play of
the opposing team and block the entrances of outside players. Known as 5 in the
terminology used by coaches.

BASKETBALL PASS
PASSES WITH ONE OR TWO HANDS:
The pass does not constitute an isolated action of the game, but at all times must
be conditioned by the one that precedes it and by the one that will follow
afterwards, and must combine those that must be carried out by the one who
executes it and the one who receives it, taking into account always to whom it is
directed, where it is directed and when it is carried out. Its basic principles are:
direction, brevity, speed and precision. There are many types of passes. These are
a few:
* Chest: It is used for medium and short distances, throwing the ball through a
rapid extension of the arms, continued by the successive impulse of the wrists and
fingers, limiting the movement of the feet and the forward impulse.
* Chop: Same characteristics as the chest, but the flexion of the legs is
accentuated and the hands are directed towards the ground.
* Above the head: Keeping the arms extended, although slightly bent, and without
pressing hard on the ball, it is carried a little behind and above the head, to throw it
with an impulse, in which the arms and the trunk that, through a slight flexion,
moves the weight of the body forward, while the extension of the arms ensures the
tension of the trajectory.
* Over the shoulder: This pass should only be practiced in very specific
circumstances, generally when a player subjected to close and very severe
marking intends to pass the ball to a teammate situated behind him and in a good
position to receive it.
* Spoon: This is a low pass with one hand, which remains behind the ball while the
other serves as a guide.
* Rolled: They can be executed with one or both hands. In the first case, one hand
is the one that propels the ball while the other serves as a guide. The second is
similar to the previous one, but with both hands. In both cases, the ball is passed
by rolling it on the ground.
* Above and with the arm flexed: The ball is carried back and up with both hands,
then flexing the executing arm, with the hand directed upwards and at shoulder
height, making the weight of the body gravitate on the leg of the ball. same side, to
then be carried on the opposite and forward leg, while the arm advances to make
the throw.

DODGE
Its use, among other cases that may recommend it, is appropriate when trying to
progress in the attack, to move the ball away from one's own goal, to break the
defense, to shoot from close range, to move away from a congested area and to
gain time in order to to prepare a combination.
By always keeping the wrist and fingers flexible, you will be able to better handle
the ball, which should always be pushed and not hit, making contact with it in the
last part of its ascension and, after accompanying it upwards, pushing it firmly, but
not abruptly towards the ground.
The ball will always be kept low, without exceeding the height of the knees, close
to the body and to the side, so as not to hinder the movement of the legs and to
protect it, curving the body forward.
This type of dribble is the low dribble. The high dribble can be used when the
player is not marked, in which the body adopts a natural posture, and the dribble is
higher.

SHOTS OR THROWS
It constitutes the culmination of all the efforts made by a team on offense since,
taking possession of the ball, it tries to achieve the final objective of making it pass
from top to bottom, through the circumference of the hoop that supports the net.
The most important shots are:
* In suspension: It is performed simultaneously with a vertical jump, the throw
being carried out when the player is in suspension, and has reached the maximum
height with a total extension of the body.
* With one hand on a firm foot: The player flexes his legs, to raise it following the
extension movement of the arm and throw it, and at this moment the fingers, wrist,
shoulder, hip and supporting foot must remain in a straight line.
* On a layup: On certain occasions, it is more effective for the player
"deposit" the ball on the rim of the basket. Its effectiveness lies in making a great
jump that allows the ball to easily pass the horizontal plane of the hoop.
* Hit: It is done when a player tries to take advantage of the rebound of the ball on
the backboard, and in order not to waste time, instead of catching it, he hits it
towards the backboard, trying to take advantage of its effect, ruling out being able
to put it directly through the hoop .
* Dunk or dunk: similar to the layup, but introducing the ball into the basket from
top to bottom, with one or two hands.
* Hook: throw with one hand, in a perpendicular position to the ring, with the arm
stretched, sliding the ball smoothly.
* alley-oop: dunk performed by a player who catches the ball in the air after
jumping and receiving a pass from a teammate in the air.

REBOUND
There are two types of bounce:
* Rebound in attack: The chances of winning a ball from a rebound are
undoubtedly greater for the defense than for the players of the attacking team,
taking into account their proximity
* to the board. Therefore, the players of the attacking team must try to anticipate
the throw of the ball by their teammate, standing two or three meters from the
board.
* Rebound on defense: Given the normal situation of the defense, with the players
between the attackers and the board, there is no doubt that it is in excellent
conditions to seize the rebounds, which does not mean that it should not take
extreme measures. precautions, sensing the opponent's shots and cutting off his
attempts to progress, made with the aim of winning the action of recovering the
ball.
PIVOT
When a player who is in possession of the ball tries to escape from an opponent's
marking, avoids the possibility of a jump ball or secure possession of the ball, he
resorts to the "pivot", an action that is carried out in any type of stoppage and
which constitutes one of the fundamental resources to prevent the opponent's
intentions of taking possession of the ball, making use of the player who executes
it, his ability to turn on the tip of one of his feet or move the position of the body,
swinging on the foot that moves.
dribble or dribbling
Action that consists of the player pushing the ball against the ground and it
returning to his hand, the existing types are:
* Control: In a position without defensive pressure, while the player is walking, a
high and strong bounce at the player's height.
* Protection: If the defense presses a lot, the player can dribble protecting the ball
with his body, bouncing low to make it difficult to steal it.
* In speed: In the race and with space ahead, the player throws the ball forward to
run with greater speed.
DEFENDING
Defense in basketball is carried out between the person attacking and the rim, the
defensive position consists of slightly bending the knees and making lateral
movements trying to steal the ball or avoiding a pass, shot or attempt to penetrate
the basket by his teammate. rival.
Regarding the different types of "collective" defense that a team can carry out, we
find:
* Individual defense, also known as man defense or assignment defense: Each
player marks a specific opponent on the rival team.
* Defense in zones: When the defending players do not mark their opponents one
by one personally, it is called that they mark in the zone waiting for the attackers to
arrive. As the team puts 5 players on the court, the possible zones are named 2-3,
3-2, 1-3-1, 3-1-1, 2-1-2, 1-2-2, indicating the position of the same.
* Mixed defense: It would be a combination of the two types of defenses explained
above.
* Pressure: It is a special defense that is carried out when the defending team
advances its players to the opposite field to make it difficult for the rival to serve or
pass the ball into its field (the attacking team only has 8 seconds to pass from its
field that of the rival), it is usually used in final situations of a quarter, a game or
when it is very necessary to recover the ball. Normally it is applied to all or 3/4 of
the field, although there are teams that begin the pressure in the middle of the field.

MATERIALS TO PRACTICE BASKETBALL

Court
* A basketball court must be a hard, flat, rectangular surface free of obstacles, 15
m wide and 28 m long.
* The perimeter of the track must be free of obstacles two meters away.
* The height of the first obstacle that is vertically above the track must be at least 7
m high.
* The field is divided into two equal halves separated by the line called midfield and
with a circle that starts from the center of the court, the central circle measuring 3.6
m in diameter. For each team, the midfield that contains the basket being defended
is called the defensive midfield and the midfield that contains the basket on which
the goal is to score is called the offensive midfield.
* On the shorter sides, the rings are located, which are 3.05 m high and are
inserted 1.20 m into the playing rectangle. They must be provided with approved
swingarms.
* Parallel to the baseline we find the free throw line, which is 5.80 m from the
baseline and 4.60 m from the basket. The circle where the free throw line is located
has a diameter of 3.6 m. Every line measures 5cm. Wide.
* The three-point line is located 6.75 m (FIBA) and 7.24 m (NBA) away from the
basket.
The ball
The basketball must obviously be spherical, made of leather or rough skin, or
synthetic material, which makes it easier for the players to grip even with sweaty
hands (the balls have a surface with 9,366 points). Traditionally it is orange, with
black lines, but there are many variants. Indoor (covered pavilion) and outdoor
(outdoor) balls differ in the material with which they are covered.
Starting with the 2004-05 season, FIBA has adopted for its competitions a ball with
light yellow stripes on the classic orange background color, to improve the visibility
of the ball by both the players and the public.
Since 2007, a ball with black stripes has been used in Spain, the duration of which
is being discussed since it slips excessively.
Balls of three different denominations are used corresponding to three different
sizes and weights according to the categories: the number "7", used for men's
basketball, the "6" for women's basketball, and the "5" for minibasketball and pre-
children (children). 8 to 12 years old generally). Furthermore, it is stipulated that
the ball must have such pressure that when released from 1.80 m high, it bounces
between 1.40 and 1.60 m high.
The basket
The basket board is a rectangle measuring 1.05 x 1.80 m, at least 30 mm thick
and with padded lower edges. In the lower central part, there is a painted rectangle
of 0.59 m x 0.45 m and that is elevated from the board at the bottom by 0.15 m.
Inside the rectangle there is an approved tilting arm that supports the basket that
measures 0.45 m, the basket It grabs hold of the inner rectangle at its center. The
basket ring must have a diameter of 45.7 cm. The interior rectangle is used to
calculate the shot, and when the ball hits it, it goes into the basket. The hoop is
located at a height of 3.05 meters and is equipped with approved nets.
equipment
A basketball player's equipment consists of:
* A sleeveless T-shirt, originally made of cotton, and currently made of synthetic
material. On the front we find the team logo and the agreed advertising (although in
the NBA and other competitions there is none). On the back we find the player's
last name and sometimes the first letter of the name when there are two or more
players with the same last name. Below the name, in large, the player's number,
which is very important to record the number of fouls and the player's points as well
as substitutions.
* The pants can be short or Bermuda shorts (although due to the fashion of
wearing them "pirate", some competitions such as the NBA impose rules on their
length): you can find, in small, the player's number on the right end of the leg. It
must be the same colors as the shirt, it cannot have pockets.
* Footwear: they are shaped like a boot to hold the ankle well and protect it from

sprains. They also have air chambers to preserve the sole of the foot. The soles
must have an appropriate design to stop quickly.
* Socks: Generally short and made of cotton. Although they are usually white like
other sports socks, they can be a different color to match the uniform or, in rare
cases, be left to the player's taste.
* It is prohibited for players to wear rings, chains, bracelets or any other jewelry as
it may harm an opponent.
THE PARTIES
The international basketball rules are drawn up by the FIBA central committee[5]
[6] and are reviewed every four years. They are applicable in all international
competitions between countries and adopted by the majority of national
federations, including the FEB. In the United States, the NBA uses a different
regulation than that established by FIBA. Currently, a gradual process of
rapprochement is being carried out between these two major currents of basketball
rules.[7] In 1971 the rules of women's basketball were modified and became more
similar to those of men's games.
Arbitration
A match must be directed by three referees, one main and two assistants. These
will be assisted by the scorers' table, timekeepers and a technical commissioner.
The referees and their assistants will officiate the game in accordance with the
official rules and interpretations. The main referee will decide on
Any situation of discrepancy between assistant referees, scorers' table, doubts
about the validity of the baskets, will give its approval to the minutes, is responsible
for verifying, inspecting and approving all technical elements and may make
decisions on non-regulated or unregulated situations. The referees can
communicate with the scorers' table and with the rest of the referees through
gestures, signaling incidents with a series of pre-established signals.
Violations
A violation is an infraction of the rules of the game, penalized with a throw-in or
throw-in for the opposing team from the point closest to the point of the infraction.
Most common violations:
Steps
Illegal advance (steps) is an illegal movement of a player with ball control (the ball
rests on one or both of the player's hands). Illegal advancement occurs when, once
the pivot foot has been established, the player:
•Lifts it up to start a dribble. Commonly called exit or start steps. (Not punishable in
NBA basketball).
•With both feet (including the pivot foot) in contact with the ground, jump and,
before making a pass or shot to the basket, touch one foot to the ground again.
•While in motion, and jumping on the pivot foot, give two more supports, regardless
of the order of the feet.
•Voluntarily or involuntarily slides the pivot foot along the ground creating an
advantage, the pivoting gesture is not
consider swiping.
It is legal for a player to fall to the ground and slip while holding the ball, or to gain
control of the ball while lying or sitting on the ground.
• It is a violation if the player then rolls or attempts to get up while holding the ball.
Double
A player must not perform a second dribble after completing the first unless he has
lost control of a ball on the field of play between both dribbles. That is, once the
two allowed steps have been taken, you can only pass the ball to another player or
shoot for a basket.
Foot
A player must not intentionally touch the ball with his foot. This act is considered
rape. Although it is also considered a violation if it is without the intention of
touching the ball, and a throw-in for the opposing team to the one that touched the
ball is sanctioned in the same way.
3 seconds in Zone
You cannot stay more than 3 seconds in the opposing team's restricted area when
attacking. If you are defending, you can stay in the area for as long as you want.
With exceptions:
•The player tries to leave the restricted area.
•The player is dribbling to the basket after 3 seconds.
•A player from the same team is shooting a basket.
Throw-in / throw-in
It must be served within 5 seconds with the ball at the player's disposal, being able
to take a normal lateral step and all possible steps backwards. Any
Violation of this rule is a violation.
24 seconds
A team that gains new control of the ball must shoot for a basket within 24
seconds. If after 24 seconds the ball is still in the thrower's hands or has not
touched the rim and its possession is not clear to the opposing team, a violation is
committed. The 24 seconds are restarted every time the ball touches the ring, a
violation or a foul is committed. In the NBA, in the event that the defensive foul
occurs with less than 14 seconds of possession remaining, the 24-second device is
reset with 14 seconds.
back field
The ball returned to the backcourt (backfield) occurs when a team has control of
the ball in the frontcourt and one of its players is the last to touch the ball in the
frontcourt and then he or a teammate is the first to touch it in the frontcourt. rear.
Fouls
Personnel foul
When a player illegally contacts an opponent and causes them a disadvantage or
obtains an advantage from the contact, a personal foul is called. Illegal contact is
considered to be contact that occurs when one of the players does not respect the
other player's cylinder and the player who invades the other player's cylinder or
leaves his own is considered responsible for the contact. A player shall not grab,
block, push, charge, trip or impede the progress of an opponent by extending his
hands, arms, elbows, shoulders, hips, legs, knees or feet; neither
He will not bend his body in an 'abnormal' position (outside his cylinder), nor will he
engage in rough or violent play. The penalty for a personal foul is a throw-in for the
opposing team from the closest point on the baseline/sideline, except for team
fouls which will be discussed later. On the fifth foul (6th. in the NBA) the player will
be eliminated.
Foul in attack
It occurs when a player whose team has control of the ball commits a personal foul
by pushing or colliding with the torso of a player who is in a legal defensive position
(Both feet in contact with the ground, facing the attacker, inside his cylinder and
move laterally and backwards, not forwards). If this contact causes a disadvantage
to the defender, a foul by the team with ball control is called (offense foul).
Unsportsmanlike foul
An unsportsmanlike foul is a player foul that involves contact and that, in the
referee's judgment, does not constitute a legitimate effort to directly play the ball
within the spirit and intent of the rules or the contact is excessively rough. It is
sanctioned with two free throws and possession for the opposing team.
technical foul
A foul against a player or a member of the bench that does not imply contact, but
rather lack of cooperation or deliberate or repeated disobedience to the spirit of the
rules. The second technical foul called on the same player will count as a
disqualifier. A technical foul
It will count as a personal foul, that is, a foul will be added to the player who was
whistled for the technical foul, as well as to team fouls. It is sanctioned the same as
unsportsmanlike behavior.
disqualifying foul
A disqualifying foul is any flagrant unsportsmanlike infraction by a player,
substitute, excluded player, coach, assistant coach or team companion who must
leave the field and cannot establish eye contact with it for the rest of the game. 2
unsportsmanlike fouls constitute a disqualifying foul. It is worth mentioning that a
disqualifying foul may also lead to one or several suspension matches as decided
by the competition organization.
After a technical, unsportsmanlike or disqualifying foul, 2 free throws and a throw-in
are awarded from the extension of the center line in front of the scorer's table.
Free shots
If a team commits four fouls in a period (5 in NBA regulations or 2 in the last two
minutes of each quarter), from that moment on all personal fouls committed during
that period will be punished with two shots from the shooting line free from their
zone (located 4.60 m from the basket). Free throws will also be taken when a
player receives a foul while shooting, their number being determined according to
the scoring zone in which they are located (2 or 3 points). If during that foul shot
action the basket is made, the basket is valid and an additional shot is awarded.
During the execution of the free throw, the player who is shooting will not be able to
step on the line, this would mean that even if the basket went in, the throw would
not be valid, just as if one of his teammates invades the area before the ball leaves
the goal. hands of the thrower, on the other hand, if an opponent enters the zone
before the player releases the ball, the shot will be repeated if it has not entered.

* Duration of a match: In FIBA, according to its regulations, the match is made up

of four periods of 10 minutes each. In the NBA the duration of each period is 12
minutes, and in the NCAA two periods of 20 minutes each are played. If the match
ends with a tie between the two teams, an extra time of 5 minutes must be played.
And so on until one team wins the match.
* Players: the team presented to the match is made up of a maximum of 12
players. 5 will form the starting quintet and the other 7 will be the substitutes. The
coach may change the players as many times as he wishes, taking advantage of
interruptions in the game, except in the school categories up to Infants (age 13 to
14 years) when all the players on the team must play at least one period during the
first three, and may in the last one make substitutions.
* Start of the match: a player from each team must be placed inside the central
circle with one foot near the line that divides the field of play into two halves, each
of them located in their field. The other players must be outside the circle. The
referee throws the ball upwards from the center of the circle and the two players
jump vertically to try to deflect it, without catching it, towards a teammate on their
team.
* Referees: for most competitions, two referees are usually in charge of directing
the match. Although for many professional leagues there are three and for others
with very low budgets there is one.
* Scorers' table: the scorers' table (scorer, assistant scorer, timekeeper, 24-s rule
operator and, if any, commissioner) controls all incidents of the match (score, time-
outs, playing time, fouls, changes, etc.) and prepares the match minutes.
* Punctuation:
1. Free throws are worth one point.
2. Shots inside the zone or inside the three-point line are worth two points.
3. Shots from the three-point line (6.75 m from the center of the rim, or 7.24 in the
NBA) are worth three points.
If the player is shooting a free throw and steps on the line, the shot will be
invalidated. If the player is shooting from the 3-point line, if he steps on the 6.75
meter line (NBA 7.24), the shot will be counted. like a field goal (2 points).
However, if a player shoots from three-point range, he can start the shot with a
jump without stepping on the line and land on or over it, in which case the shot
would be considered 3 points.
The score is kept using two systems, the first is the scoresheet where the scorer
marks all the baskets that have been converted into a numbered box that contains
the scorer's numbers and the second system is the electronic board, where the
stopwatch is also indicated, the count of fouls of each player and each team and
the quarter that is being played (if the scoresheet and the scoreboard are in
disagreement, what is valid is what the scoresheet reflects; the scoreboard is not
mandatory and serves only for show, so there are no regulations on its content).
BASKETBALL FOR KIDS

5 BASIC EXERCISES TO INTRODUCE CHILDREN TO BASKETBALL.

There is nothing better than learning a sport as a child, this helps you get involved
in exercise and have a healthy and non-sedentary life to improve your health.
That's why we share 5 exercises to introduce children to basketball from a young
age.

1. Teach preschool and elementary school children how to make passes by

playing throw and catch with each other. Use a small foam ball at first or a soft
plastic ball until they can do it with a small-sized basketball. Starting with a
small, soft ball will help them learn not to be afraid.

2. Have them practice passing the ball and throwing it. To do this, organize a
basketball game called ball to the basket. In this game, children do not dribble
the ball at all and moving with the ball is not allowed. All they do is pass the
ball from person to person until someone is close enough to take a shot. This
decreases the chances of losing the ball due to imperfect dribbling. Highly
effective.

3. Teach them to shoot using a child-sized basketball hoop. Another alternative

can be to use any basket or hula hoop located at the child's chest level. Have
them practice their shot from two to three feet away. Little by little, increase
the height of the hoop and the space between the child and the hoop so that
they can perfect their shot.

4. Organize two-on-two or three-on-three matches to teach defense and team

strategy. Defensiveness is very important, try to bring together children with
similar abilities to avoid generating frustration and injuries and for the game to
be even.

5. Develop dribbling practices using games. Mark an X on the floor with tape for
each child, and give each child a ball. Ask each child to bounce the ball once
on their X and catch it. Any player whose ball is lost and moves away from the
playing area will lose. In the next round, ask them to bot on the ball twice in
the X. Continue until there is only one child left and start again. It's not about
winners, but about them learning to throw it away.

The extras:
Encourage children to take turns and cooperate from an early age. These skills will
be very useful as they grow and start playing for a basketball team until they get
used to it and can integrate the sport into their daily lives.

Always emphasize having a sporting lifestyle and above all the spirit above the
importance of winning. Create an atmosphere of harmony and fun, that's what it's
all about. Don't demand too much from them.

Grow up with the best sport in the world!

CONCLUSIONS
What I can conclude from this work is:
* Basketball is a popular game that serves as a means to unite people from
different cultures, religions, societies, etc. With the same objective, enjoy a game
and win.
* Basketball is also an instrument that opens doors to the importance of fighting
against a rival healthily to win.
* This sport is played in more than one hundred countries in the world currently.
ANNEXES
BIBLIOGRAPHY AND CYBEROGRAPHY

* BASIC BASKETBALL REGULATIONS

PANAMERICAN EDITORIAL.
* PHYSICAL EDUCATION
HORACIO PEREZ.VIRTUAL EDITION
*
HTTP://WWW.GEOCITIES.COM/MONJEBASKET/INDEX/FUNDAMENTO_TECNI
COS.HTM
* HTTP://WWW.EDUCAR.ORG/EDUCACIONFISICAYDEPORTIVA/
BALONCESTO.ASP