Scribd
Upload
109 views

Class 2

This lecture summary covers microwaves, their properties, history and applications. It defines microwaves as electromagnetic waves with frequencies between 300 MHz and 300 GHz. It discusses key developments in microwave technology including Maxwell's equations, Hertz's experiments, development of the klystron and use in WWII radar. Common microwave applications are listed such as wireless communications, radar, and medical and domestic uses. A microwave system example and overview of microwave devices like the magnetron and klystron are also provided.

Uploaded by

Shahadat Sabbir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
109 views

Class 2

This lecture summary covers microwaves, their properties, history and applications. It defines microwaves as electromagnetic waves with frequencies between 300 MHz and 300 GHz. It discusses key developments in microwave technology including Maxwell's equations, Hertz's experiments, development of the klystron and use in WWII radar. Common microwave applications are listed such as wireless communications, radar, and medical and domestic uses. A microwave system example and overview of microwave devices like the magnetron and klystron are also provided.

Uploaded by

Shahadat Sabbir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

Lecture Summary

Microwaves
Properties
Spectrum
History
Applications
Microwave System
Microwave Devices
Microwave
 Microwaves are electromagnetic waves whose
frequencies range from about 300 MHz – 300 GHz (1
MHz = 10 6 Hz and 1 GHz = 10 9 Hz) or wavelengths, λ =
c/ f in air ranging from 100 cm – 1 mm.

 Frequencies adopted between 1 to 300 GHz in Ref Text


(i.e. S. Y. Liao)

 The word Microwave means very short wave, which is


the shortest wavelength region of the radio spectrum and
a part of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Electro Magnetic Spectrum
Brief Microwave History
Maxwell (1864-73)
o integrated electricity and magnetism
o set of 4 coherent and self-consistent equations
o predicted electromagnetic wave propagation
Hertz (1886-88)
o experimentally confirmed Maxwell’s equations in 1887-1891
o oscillating electric spark to induce similar oscillations in a
distant wire loop (=10 cm)
 Marconi (early 20th century)
o parabolic antenna to demonstrate wireless telegraphic
communications
o tried to commercialize radio at low frequency
Lord Rayleigh (1897)
o showed mathematically that EM wave propagation
possible in waveguides
Brief Microwave History
George Southworth (1930)
o showed waveguides capable of small bandwidth
transmission for high powers R.H. and S.F. Varian
(1937)
o development of the klystron
MIT Radiation Laboratory (WWII)
o radiation lab series - classic writings
Accidentally invented microwave oven by Percy
Spencer (1945)
Development of transistors (1950’s)
Development of Microwave Integrated Circuits
o microwave circuit on a chip
o microstrip lines
Satellites, wireless communications, ..
Microwave Applications
Q. Why microwave engineering is important for you?
“Speed and frequency of different circuits has been
increased”

o Wireless Applications
o TV and Radio broadcast
o Optical Communications
o Radar
o Navigation
o Remote Sensing
o Domestic and Industrial Applications
o Medical Applications
o Surveillance
o Astronomy and Space Exploration
Microwave System Example
Microwave Calibrated
source Wavemeter attenuator Output to
power meter
Antennas

Waveguide
Waveguides
termination
Stands
Crystal
mount
Microwave Devices
Vacuum tubes:
 Vacuum diode
 Triode
 Tetrode
 Pentrode

Special Microwave Tubes (Vacuum):


1. O-Type Tubes (Linear Beam Parallel)
 Klystron, Helix TWT, BWA etc.

2. M-Type Tubes (Cross field Perpendicular)


 Magnetron, Back-ward wave non-resonant tube etc.

 O-Type French TPO (tubes a propagation des ondes)


 M-Type French TPOM (tubes a propagation des ondes a
champs magnetique)
End

Lecture 2

You might also like