Table of Contents Page Number

Chapter 4 Activity 2

Chapter 4 Exercises 3

Chapter 4 Reflection 3

Chapter 5 Activity 4

Chapter 5 Exercises 5

Chapter 5 Reflection 8
Chapter IV

VIRTUE ETHICS

ACTIVITY

1. What is moral virtue? What is Intellectual Virtue?

According to Aristotle moral virtue is a disposition to behave in the right manner and as a mean
between extremes of deficiency and excess, which are vices. We learn moral virtue primarily
through habit and practice rather than through reasoning and instruction. While the intellectual
virtues include: scientific knowledge, artistic or technical knowledge, intuitive reason, practical
wisdom, and philosophic wisdom. Scientific knowledge is a knowledge of what is necessary and
universal
2. What is the difference between moral and intellectual virtue? Explain

Moral virtue (characteristic and behavior)

Intellectual virtue (Scientific knowledge)

3. Identify some Filipino traits categorize each as virtue (middle) or vices (excess or deficiency)

place them in the table.

Virtue vices

• Using po or opo •teenage pregnancy

• Giving respect to elders by the use of mano po •juvenile delinquencies

4. How is a person's character formed according to Aristotle

Aristotle claims that character develops over time as one acquires habits from parents and
community, first through reward and punishment.

5. Who do you think possesses a moral character in your community? Explain your answer.

Everyone in a community possessed different traits and characteristics thus confirming everyone
possesses a moral characteristic.
EXERCISES

1. Go online and list down various source that can help you understand the different issues on
pornography. Identified the topics being discussed by these sources.

• Philippines list down as one of the top countries with most viewing time on pornography.

• Does pornography affect teenage pregnancy?

• Parents arrested after forcing their children to do cybersex.

2. Discuss the possible implication (positive or negative) of patronizing of pornography to the

development of one’s character.

Pornography can lead to some serious issues like the examples in question number 1.

3. Discuss a different topic within the scope of sexual ethics and explain how this might affect the
development of one’s virtuous character.

If a child is raised in a sexual exposure environment, he/she could develop a similar characteristic from
those around him/her.

REFLECTION

WHAT HAVE YOU LEARN FROM THE LESSON?

the meaning and basic principle of virtue ethics.

Distinguishing virtuous acts from non-virtuous acts

Applying Aristotle ethics in understanding the Filipino character.

Chapter V

MAKING INFORMED DECISIONS

ACTIVITY

a. How can you be a genuine Filipino if you do not follow Filipino customs?

You can be a genuine Filipino even if you do not follow the Filipino customs, as long as you have a strong
patriotism you can be called a Filipino (or you can naturalize as a Filipino)

b. What is the distinction between a religious notion of sin and the philosophical understanding of
immoral or unethical acts?

Religious notion of sin is deliberate and purposeful violation of the will of God, while Immorality is
the violation of moral laws.

c. How realistic Kohlberg ideal of higher stage of post conventional morality that of universal ethical
principles, given that feelings and emotions are inseparable from human choice.

Given that Kohlberg theory is widely acceptable to others his theory could be treated as acceptable to
the society.

d. Given that the human condition is one of finitude, how will you know that you are sufficiently
informed when you finally make your moral judgement?

Given that the human condition is one of finitude meaning the state of having limits or bounds, we can
assume that we can’t we have limitation making our moral judgement insufficiently informed.

e. If a global ethic is current emerging does this mean that the true meaning or morality changes over
time, please explain your answer.

Yes, as stated that global ethics is current and emerging then so does morality.

f. Is there a difference between one's ethical responsibility toward fellow humans and toward
nonhuman nature? Please explain your answer?

Yes, due to the reason of human is different from nature, humans have emotions and feelings.
EXERCISES

I. This chapter identified and explained the steps in making informed decisions when confronted with
moral problems. The steps can be summarized as follows:

1. Determine your involvement in the moral situation

2. Gather all the necessary facts

3. Identify the stakeholders

4. Name all the alternative choices possible and their potential effects on all stakeholders.

5. Identify the type of ethical issue at hand

6. Make your ethical conclusion or decision Apply now all six steps to the questions, “Is selling one of my
kidneys to a paying customer morally defensible?

Write down your application below:

Step 1: I am making the decision

Step 2: is selling a kidney morally acceptable?

Step 3: the paying costumer

Step 4: selling or not selling my kidney, if I sell my kidney, I could save a life but it will put me at risk, if I
don’t sell my kidney, I could avoid risk but a life might be lost.

Step 5: Individual Responsibility.

Step 6: I could risk my life in order to save someone.

II. Examine your feelings or emotions regarding the issue of organ trafficking. Did you feel sympathetic
to the woman who was about to sell her kidney to her Saudi Arabian husband? Or were you morally
repulse by what she was planning to do? Apply Ramon C. Reyes’s idea of the five cross-points the
contribute to the formation of who you are in order to understand your feelings about this particular
moral issue. List below the elements that make up each of your cross points.

1.Physical Cross Points

The life of the Filipina wife could be at risk

2. Interpersonal Cross-Points

Does the Filipina wife have a deep relationship with the Arab husband?

3. Social Cross Point

Does this kind of issue common on our society?

4. Historical Cross-Point

Does this kind of issue already happen in the past?

5. Existential Cross Point Given the five cross points that make up who you are, can you provide an
explanation below why you feel the way that you do toward the woman who was about to sell her
kidney?

How can you make sure that your feelings about the matter are not trapped in Kohlbergs pre-
conventional stage?

1.How did I feel the woman who was about to sell her kidney and why:

I feel embarrass because if she is doing it for the money that’s just dumb there are other ways to earn
money and if she is doing it because she loves her husband the that’s just super dumb.

2. How do I make sure my feelings are morally mature and not trapped in the preconvention stage

I did honestly express my feeling without hesitation or to think what might the others think if they read
my answer, I just do it without considering what the others might say.
REFLECTION How does this lesson affect you personally site some reflections

Nothing much I'm still me, I was able to answer that question the way I intended to.