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NAME OF ESCUBIDO, PATRICIA P. GRADE LEVEL 8

TEACHER
LEARNING ENGLISH QUARTER NO. 4
AREA

LESSON/TOPIC Using Appropriate Grammatical Signals or Expressions

to Each Pattern of Idea Development
CONTENT The learner demonstrates understanding of: South and West Asian literature as an expression
STANDARD of philosophical and religious beliefs; information flow in various text types; reality, fantasy,
and opinion in listening and viewing materials; word decoding strategies; and use of
information sources, active/passive constructions, direct/reported speech, perfect tenses, and
logical connectors in journalistic writing.

PERFORMANCE The learner transfers learning by composing a variety of journalistic texts, the contents of
STANDARD which may be used in composing and delivering a memorized oral speech featuring use of
properly acknowledged information sources, grammatical signals for opinion-making,
persuasion, and emphasis, and appropriate prosodic features, stance, and behavior.

LEARNING MELCs: Use appropriate grammatical signals or expressions suitable to each

COMPETENCY pattern of idea development:
● general to particular
● claim and counterclaim
● problem-solution
● cause-effect
and others
OBJECTIVES Knowledge  define grammatical signals;
 distinguish appropriate grammatical signals to each pattern of
idea development; and
Skills  write a paragraph about a social issue using a pattern of idea
development with appropriate grammatical signals.
Attitudes/Values  foster appreciation of grammatical signals by learning its
significance.
RESOURCES English 8 Textbook
NEEDED PowerPoint Presentation
Printed Materials
ELEMENTS OF TEACHERS’ ACTIVITY STUDENTS’
THE PLAN METHODOLOGY ACTIVITY
Preparations Preliminary  Prompts student for a prayer  Students pray.
- How will I make the Activities
This includes prayer,
 Housekeeping
learners ready?
- How do I prepare the housekeeping, grouping
of learners, introduction
learners for the new
of the lesson content,
 Students
lesson?
(Motivation /Focusing warm-up activity arrange their
/Establishing Mind-set activity to give the
/Setting the Mood learners zest for the chairs properly
/Quieting /Creating incoming lesson and an
Interest - Building idea about what it to and pick up the
follow.
Background Experience –
One principle in learning
litters around
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Activating Prior is that learning occurs

Knowledge/Apperception when it is conducted in a
 Checking of attendance their chairs.
- Review – Drill) pleasurable and
- How will I connect my comfortable
 Presents classroom rules:  Class secretary
new lesson with the past atmosphere.
lesson? responds.
1. BE ON TIME
2. RAISE YOUR HAND IF YOU WISH TO
SPEAK/RECITE.  Students listen.
3. LISTEN WHEN SOMEONE IS
TALKING.
4. NO ELECTRONIC DEVICES DURING
CLASSES.
5. CHOSE KINDNESS

 The teacher introduces a warm-up

activity.

Directions: Complete the sentences below by

arranging the jumbled letters. 1. These
2. due to
3. however
4. and
5. join now

Clap for yourselves, you did a great job

These are grammatical
participating in our activity! Now, are you signals or expressions,
familiar with jumbled words and phrases used ma’am!
in the activity, class? Do you know what are
these?

Very good! The jumbled words and phrases

used in the activity are grammatical signals.
And we are going to learn more about these as
we go through our discussion.
Presentation Activity Today, we will learn about idea development,
- (How will I present This is an interactive its patterns, and appropriate grammatical
the new lesson? strategy to elicit
learner’s prior learning signals.
- What materials
experience. It serves as a
will I use? springboard for new
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- What learning. It illustrates the And with that being said let’s check how deep
principle that learning
generalization is your knowledge with our new lesson today,
starts where the learners
/concept are. Carefully structured
/conclusion activities such as
class, through this activity I have prepared for
/abstraction should individual or group all of you.
reflective exercises,
the learners arrive
group discussion, self-or
at? group assessment, WHAT’S NEXT?
(Showing/ dyadic or triadic
Demonstrating/ interactions, puzzles,
Engaging/ Doing simulations or role-play, Class will be dvided in 3 in this activity.
/Experiencing cybernetics exercise,
/Exploring /Observing gallery walk and the like
- Role-playing, dyads, may be created. Clear Directions: Each group will have to complete
dramatizing, instructions should be
brainstorming, reacting, considered in this part of
the missing words within the given texts. The
interacting the lesson. first group to finish will be the winner.
- Articulating
observations, finding,
conclusions, Texts:
generalizations,
abstraction
- Giving suggestions, Idea development
reactions solutions
recommendations)
This is done by _____ ideas in a logical and Idea development
clear ____ that suits the writer’s ______.
This is done by
Grammatical signals organizing ideas in a
logical and clear manner
These are writing _____ such as transitional that suits the writer’s
devices, connectors, __________, and purpose.
repetitions that are used to maintain text
_______. Grammatical signals

Pattern of idea development These are writing

devices such as
This refers to the _____ of writing on how the transitional devices,
ideas are being ________. connectors,
determiners, and
repetitions that are used
Very good, class! You have successfully to maintain text
unlocked the definition of each terms! coherence.
With that, let us proceed to discussion!
Pattern of idea
development

This refers to the

structure of writing on
how the ideas are being
presented.
 The teacher presents the learning
objectives.
 The teacher proceeds to discuss the
lesson.
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Analysis  The teacher discusses what are the

Essential questions are
included to serve as a
following:
guide for the teacher in
clarifying key Students listen
understandings about
Idea development is essential in writing. 
the topic at hand. Critical This is done by organizing ideas in attentively.
points are organized to
structure the discussions
a logical and clear manner that suits the
allowing the learners to writer’s purpose. To achieve this, it is
maximize interactions
and sharing of ideas and
necessary to use appropriate grammatical
opinions about expected signals or expressions.
issues. Affective
questions are included to
elicit the feelings of the Grammatical signals are writing devices
learners about the
activity or the topic. The
such as transitional devices,
last questions or points connectors, determiners, and repetitions
taken should lead the
learners to understand
that are used to maintain text coherence.
the new concepts or Coherence establishes a logical connection
skills that are to be
presented in the next
between ideas in sentences and
part of the lesson. paragraphs. These ideas can be developed
through different patterns depending on
the writer’s purpose.

Pattern of idea development refers to the

structure of writing on how the
ideas are being presented. Five of the
commonly used patterns of idea
development will be discussed today.
These are the general to particular, cause
and effect, claim-counterclaim, problem-
solution, and persuasion. Let us explore
them and their appropriate grammatical
signals.

A. General to Particular

This pattern of idea development discusses

the general topic by presenting
specific details that support the topic. The
writer starts with the general idea stated
in the topic sentence. Then, it is elaborated
and explained through specific details
and examples. In other words, general to
particular pattern is a deductive method of
organization.

Example:
Clouds can be classified into three major groups.
High clouds are a group of clouds that are 5-13 km.
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away from the Earth’s surface. Examples of these

clouds are known as Cirrus, Cirrostratus, and
Cirrocumulus. Middle clouds are another group of
clouds that are 2-7 km. away from the Earth’s
surface. Examples of middle clouds are Altocumulus
and Altostratus. Low clouds are the last group of
clouds. They are 2 km. away from the Earth’s
surface. Specifically, these clouds are the Stratus,
Stratocumulus, and Nimbostratus. With these being
said, these clouds are grouped according to their
distance from the Earth’s surface.

The paragraph above uses a general to

particular pattern of idea development. The
general idea is expressed in the first sentence
which is ‘Clouds are classified into three major
groups.’ Then, the succeeding sentences are
the specific details explaining the general idea.
To state these specific details, grammatical
signals are used such as ‘a’, ‘another’, and ‘last’
to present the different major groups of
clouds. The expression ‘examples of these’ and
the word ‘specifically,’ are used to present the
specific examples of a group of clouds. Also,
the phrase ‘middle clouds’ is repeated to show
emphasis of the idea. The expression ‘with
these being said,’ is used to wrap up the ideas
in the paragraph.

These are the other grammatical signals that

can be used for general to particular pattern of
idea development:

also, for example, as an example, in addition, in

addition to, for instance, examples of these,
first, second, third, next, on one hand, and on
the other hand.

B. Cause and Effect

This pattern of idea development explains the

causes or the effects of something. When a
writer presents reasons, he or she is explaining
the causes. When a writer explains the results,
he or she is explaining the effects.

Example:
Regular exercise brings many benefits to your
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health. First, it improves blood circulation and can

result to a strong heart. Because of these, it reduces
the risk of heart disease, high cholesterol, and
diabetes. When you exercise, your bones and
muscles will be strengthened which can slow down
the loss of bone density that comes when you age.
As a result, it can help you maintain or increase your
muscle mass and strength. Also,
improves your mental health and mood. During an
exercise, your body releases chemicals that can
improve your mood and make you feel more relaxed.
As an effect, it can help you deal with stress and
reduce your risk of depression. These are the benefits
that you get when you exercise.

dito mo ituloy letter c kana!

Abstraction  Now that you are now aware of our
This outlines the key
concepts, important
lesson, let us sum up what we learned
skills that should be through the following activity.
enhanced, and the
proper attitude that
should be emphasized. ACTIVITY:
This is organized as a
lecturette that
summarizes the learning Direction: A series of grammatical signals
emphasized from the
activity, analysis and
that are commonly used by writers will be
new inputs in this part of shown on the screen. Classify these
the lesson.
grammatical signals according to their
category of pattern of idea development.
Table for each pattern of idea development

- one of a kind
- that is why
- join now
- I urge
- amazing experience
- consequently
- because
- first solution
- also
- leads to
- it is
- recommended,
- in order to
- however
- admittedly
- one way
- some people say
- come along,
- on one hand
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- on the other hand

- for example
- as a result
- specifically
- as a solution
- for instance
- such as
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Practice Application At this point, I think you are now ready to

- What practice This part is structured to apply what you have learned in our
ensure the commitment
exercises/applicatio discussion.  Students listen
of the learners to do
n activities will I something to apply their
give to the learners? new learning in their own
attentively to
(Answering practice environm,ent. the instructions.
exercise Directions: Write at least a five-sentence
- Applying learning in
other situations/actual paragraph about the issue conveyed in the
situations/real-life picture using a pattern of idea development
situations
- Expressing one’s with its appropriate grammatical signals. A
thoughts, feelings, rubric is given below for your guidance.
opinions, beliefs through
artwork, songs, dances, Write your paragraph on a separate sheet of
sports paper.
- Performing musical
numbers/dances, Answer key:
manipulative activities,
etc.)
1. very

2. excited

3. beautiful

4. hardest-working

5. so

Assessment ASSESSMENT MATRIX

(Optional)
What will I How will I assess? How will I score?
assess?
The students’ Directions: Complete the paragraph by filling in
overall each blank with the appropriate 5 points each
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understanding grammatical signal found in the box. You can use item.
of the lesson. each grammatical
signal once. Then identify the pattern of idea
development used.

A.
Stories can be
commonly
presented in
print, audio, and audio-visual format. 1. _________
written in books is a form of print format. It gives the
readers more information about the characters and the
plot. 2. _________, stories that are told through radios or
podcasts are examples of audio format. They enable the
listeners to freely create different mental pictures of the
characters and scenes as they listen to the storylines. 3.
__________, movies and TV series shown in cinema or
televisions are examples of audio-visual format.
4.____________, regardless of the format, all of them can
equally bring entertainment to people.

5. Pattern Used: ______________________

B.

Even though
school
uniforms are
not mandatory, 1. ________ that students must be
required to wear one for a number of reasons. 2.
_______, it promotes safety since bonafide students can
be easily identified and it reduces security threats. 3.
_________, it encourages equality since all students are
viewed in the same way regardless of their socio-
economic status. 4. __________, getting ready for school
becomes faster and easier because many students save
their time in choosing what to wear to school. Although
5. _______________ that uniforms take away personal
freedom, I strongly believe that wearing uniforms is more
beneficial.

6. Pattern Used: _______________________

C.
Everyone
should
participate in
Zumba. It is an aerobic fitness performed with a dance
music. It is 1. ______ good for your body for it helps
prevent diseases, enhance your flexibility, and control
your weight. 2. __________, learning and memorizing
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the steps of a dance routine is a good mental exercise. It

is indeed a 3. ________ exercise because you get to have
fun and be with friends at the same time. You don’t even
need to be a good dancer to enjoy it. Truly, it is a 4.
________ way to develop one’s physical, mental, and
social well-being. So, 5. _______ Zumba!

6. Pattern Used: _______________________

Agreement Assignment:
Answer this question:
What is a misplaced modifier?
What is a dangling modifier?

References:
Internet (Google)
English 8 Textbook, pg. 286