Lesson 4.

6
Name
Division and the Distributive Property Number and Operations in Base
Essential Question How can you use the Distributive Property Ten—4.NBT.B.6
to find quotients? MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES
MP1, MP4, MP5
Hands
Investigate
Investigate On

Materials ■ color pencils ■ grid paper

You can use the Distributive Property to break apart numbers to
make them easier to divide.

The Distributive Property of division says that dividing a sum by

a number is the same as dividing each addend by the number
and then adding the quotients.

A. Outline a rectangle on a grid to model 69 ÷ 3.

Shade columns of 3 until you have

69 squares.

How many groups of 3 can you make? _

B. Think of 69 as 60 + 9. Break apart the model into

two rectangles to show ( 60 + 9 ) ÷ 3. Label and shade the
smaller rectangles. Use two different colors.

C. Each rectangle models a division.

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69 ÷ 3 = ( _ ÷ 3 ) + ( _ ÷ 3 )

=_+_

=_

D. Outline another model to show 68 ÷ 4.

How many groups of 4 can you make? _

E. Think of 68 as 40 + 28. Break apart the model,

label, and shade to show two divisions.

68 ÷ 4 = ( _ ÷ 4 ) + ( _ ÷ 4 )

=_+_

=_

Chapter 4 227
Draw Conclusions
1. Explain how each small rectangle models a quotient and a
product in Step C.

2. Compare your answer in Step A to the final quotient in Step C.

What can you conclude?

SMARTER
3. To find the quotient 91 ÷ 7, would you break
up the dividend into 90 + 1 or 70 + 21? Explain.

Make
Hands Math
N Make Connections
Connections On
Talk MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES 7
Look for Structure
You can also model 68 ÷ 4 using Describe another way you
could use the Distributive
base-ten blocks.
Property to solve 68 ÷ 4.

STEP 1 Model 68.

68 = _ + _

STEP 2 Divide the longs into 4 equal groups.

4 longs divide into 4 equal groups with 2 longs
left. Regroup 2 longs as 20 small cubes.
Divide them evenly among the 4 groups.
60 ÷ 4 = _
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STEP 3 Divide the 8 small cubes into the

4 equal groups.

8÷4=_

So, 68 ÷ 4 = ( 60 ÷ 4 ) + ( 8 ÷ 4 ) = _ + _ = _

228
Name

MATH
M
Share
Share and
and Show
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Sh BOARD
B

Model the division on the grid.

1. 26 ÷ 2 = ( _ ÷ 2 ) + ( _ ÷ 2 ) 2. 45 ÷ 3 = ( _ ÷ 3 ) + ( _ ÷ 3 )

=_+_ =_+_

=_ =_

Find the quotient.

3. 86 ÷ 2 4. 208 ÷ 4

= (_ ÷ 2) + (_ ÷ 2) = (_ ÷ 4) + (_ ÷ 4)

=_+_ =_+_

=_ =_

Use base-ten blocks to model the quotient.

Then record the quotient.

5. 88 ÷ 4 = _ 6. 36 ÷ 3 = _ 7. 186 ÷ 6 = _

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8. WRITE Math Explain how you 9. DEEPER Justin earned $50 mowing lawns
can model finding quotients using the and $34 washing cars. He wants to divide his
Distributive Property. money into 3 equal accounts. How much will
he put in each account? Explain.
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Chapter 4 • Lesson 6 229

MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES ANALYZEt-00,'034536$563&t13&$*4*0/

Pose a Problem
SMARTER
10. Christelle
went to a gift shop. The shop
sells candles in a variety of sizes
and colors. The picture shows a
display of candles.

Write a problem that can be

solved using the picture.

Pose a problem. Solve your problem.

• MATHEMATICAL
PRACTICE 1
Describe how you could change the problem by
changing the number of rows of candles. Then solve the problem.

SMARTER
11. For 11a–11d, choose Yes or No to indicate if the expression
shows a way to break apart the dividend to find the quotient 147 ÷ 7.
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

11a. (135 ÷ 7) + (10 ÷ 7) Yes No

11b. (147 ÷ 3) + (147 ÷ 4) Yes No

11c. (140 ÷ 7) + (7 ÷ 7) Yes No

11d. (70 ÷ 7) + (77 ÷ 7) Yes No

230
Practice and Homework
Name
Lesson 4.6
Division and the Distributive Property
COMMON CORE STANDARD—4.NBT.B.6
Use place value understanding and properties
of operations to perform multi-digit
arithmetic.
Find the quotient.
1. 54 ÷ 3 = (__ ÷ 3) + (_
30 _ ÷ 3)
24
10 8
=__+_
10 8
_
3
=_18
_

2. 81 ÷ 3 = __ 3. 232 ÷ 4 = __ 4. 305 ÷ 5 = __

5. 246 ÷ 6 = __ 6. 69 ÷ 3 = __ 7. 477 ÷ 9 = __

Problem
Problem Solving
Solving

8. Cecily picked 219 apples. She divided 9. Jordan has 260 basketball cards. He
the apples equally into 3 baskets. How divides them into 4 equal groups. How
many apples are in each basket? many cards are in each group?

10. The Wilsons drove 324 miles in 6 hours. 11. Phil has 189 stamps to put into his stamp
If they drove the same number of miles album. He puts the same number of stamps
each hour, how many miles did they drive on each of 9 pages. How many stamps does
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

in 1 hour? Phil put on each page?

12. WRITE Math Explain how to use the Distributive

Property to solve 48 ÷ 3. Include a model to support
your explanation.

Chapter 4 231
Lesson Check (4.NBT.B.6)
1. A landscaping company planted 176 trees 2. Arnold can do 65 push-ups in 5 minutes.
in 8 equal rows in the new park. How many How many push-ups can he do in
trees did the company plant in each row? 1 minute?

Spiral Review (4.OA.A.3, 4.NBT.B.5, 4.NBT.B.6)

3. Last Saturday, there were 1,486 people at 4. Nancy walked 50 minutes each day for
the Cineplex. There were about the same 4 days last week. Gillian walked 35 minutes
number of people in each of the 6 theaters. each day for 6 days last week. How does the
Between which two numbers does the total number of minutes that Gillian walked
number of people in each theater fall? compare to the total number of minutes
that Nancy walked?

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5. Three boys share 28 toy cars equally. How 6. An airplane flies at a speed of 474 miles per
many cars did each boy get and how many hour. How many miles does the plane fly in
were left over? 5 hours?

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