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Morality Speaks of A System of Behavior in Regards To Standards of Right or Wrong Behavior. The Word

The morality of human acts depends on three factors: 1) The object, which is what the act involves or chooses. 2) The intention or end, which is the purpose or motive behind the act. 3) The circumstances surrounding the act, which can increase or decrease the moral value. An act must agree with moral norms in its nature, motive, and circumstances to be considered morally good. Departing from any of these factors makes the act morally wrong.

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THEO DOMINIC REQUERME SILVOSA
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52 views

Morality Speaks of A System of Behavior in Regards To Standards of Right or Wrong Behavior. The Word

The morality of human acts depends on three factors: 1) The object, which is what the act involves or chooses. 2) The intention or end, which is the purpose or motive behind the act. 3) The circumstances surrounding the act, which can increase or decrease the moral value. An act must agree with moral norms in its nature, motive, and circumstances to be considered morally good. Departing from any of these factors makes the act morally wrong.

Uploaded by

THEO DOMINIC REQUERME SILVOSA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Determinance of morality?

The factors in human conduct that determine whether it is good or bad. There are three such determinants
of morality, namely the object, the end, and the circumstances.
By object is meant what the free will chooses to do--in thought, word, or deed-or chooses not to do. Be
end is meant the purpose for which the act is willed, which may be the act itself (as one of loving God) or
some other purpose for which a person acts (as reading to learn). In either case, the end is the motive or
the reason why an action is performed. By circumstances are meant all the elements that surround a
human action and affect its morality without belonging to its essence. A convenient listing of these
circumstances is to ask: who? where? how? how much? by what means? how often?
Some circumstances so affect the morality of an action as to change its species, as stealing a consecrated
object becomes sacrilege and lying under oath is perjury. Other circumstances change the degree of
goodness or badness of an act. In bad acts they are called aggravating circumstances, as the amount of
money a person steals.
To be morally good, a human act must agree with the norm of morality on all three counts: in its nature,
its motive, and its circumstances. Departure from any of these makes the action morally wrong.

What is morality?
Morality speaks of a system of behavior in regards to standards of right or wrong behavior. The word
carries the concepts of: moral standards, with regard to behavior; moral responsibility, referring to our
conscience; and a moral identity, or one who is capable of right or wrong action. Common synonyms
include ethics, principles, virtue, and goodness. Morality has become a complicated issue in the multi-
cultural world we live in today. Let's explore what morality is, how it affects our behavior, our
conscience, our society, and our ultimate destiny.

The morality of human acts depends on:

— the object chosen;

— the end sought or the intention;

— the circumstances of the action.

2. The Moral Object


“The morality of the human act depends primarily and fundamentally on the ‘object’ rationally chosen by
the deliberate will, as is borne out by the insightful analysis, still valid today, made by Saint Thomas.”

3. Intention
In human actions “the end is the first goal of the intention and indicates the purpose pursued in the action.
The intention is a movement of the will toward the end: it is concerned with the goal of the activity”
4. Circumstances
Circumstances “are secondary elements of a moral act. They contribute to increasing or diminishing the
moral goodness or evil of human acts (for example, the amount of a theft). They can also diminish or
increase the agent’s responsibility (such as acting out of a fear of death)” (Catechism of the Catholic
Modifiers of human act?
1 ignorance- refers to one’s lack of knowledge of moral duties which human beings should have absence
of intellectual knowledge
2 Passion- Are strong human impulse or tendencies toward to possession of something good or avoidance
of something evil passion are neither good nor evil but indifferent (without bias)
3 Fear- Special kind of concupiscence disturbance of the mind caused by the thought of threatening evil
unpleasant feeling of anxiety of apprehension caused by the presence or anticipation of danger.
4 Violence-is an impulse from without tending so forge the agent to act against his choice in so fat as thr
violence is irresistible we are not responsible for the external act application of external force on a person
by another free agent on another with free will to compel the former to do something against his will
5 Habit- readliness for doing a certain thing acquired by regularly and persistently doing the same act;
synonymous to addition, convention pattern.
The end of human act kinds of ends?
1. Some people give the impression that money or wealth can buy happiness.
2. Some people equates health with happiness.
3. Sensual people vainly seeks happiness in earthly pleasures.
4. Certain people cling to their public image as if god himself was made after their illusion.
5. Some dedicate their lives to science and arts.
6.some propose that the final purpose of man is the promotion of the state or government.
The greatest good (summum bonum)
- in every activity, man seeks which is good. The greatest good as a matter of fact. This is evident in our
concern for the best in everything.
The end of the doer is either:
1. Proximate or remote end
2. Intermediate or ultimate end
Happiness
Kinds of goods?
Apparent good
1. Essential and accidental
Those that fit the natural needs of man as man are essential goods.
Those that fit the wants of an individual are accidental goods.
The end of an act
(2)every agent acts towards
An ultimate end.
Man cannot attain perfect happiness in this life, because god can never be known perfectly by man's
natural powers. But man can approximate perfect happiness in this life by knowledge and love of god and
by exercise of virtue.
End as something good

Every agent has the power to


Himself towards an end which he
Finds suitable for him.
Man has a natural aversion to evil. Evil is never desirable for its own sake. When someone desires evil as
an end, it is only because he views it, subjectively, as something good. Apparent good is evil disguised as
good. It is deceptively tempting and many fall for it.
For Aristotle, the greatest good is happiness. Happiness is what man aims to achieve in all his activities.
The ultimate purpose of life is the attainment of happiness
.

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